https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1467&context=mjil
https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjil/vol18/iss2/2/
Asifa Quaraishi, "Her Honor: An Islamic Critique of the Rape Laws of Pakistan from a Woman-Sensitive Perspective"
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/955923527093379075
"Moral" custodians of Ummah identify causes of rape. These are: 1. Improper dress 2. Mixed gathering 3. Late marriage 4. Media 5. Internet 6. Reporting rape without 4 witnesses
https://youtu.be/4NbRxh0mer8?t=5m34s
Maulana Ishaq Salafi: If you abolish veil and start mixing with men, there would be robberies and gang rapes. You ignite the fire and then expect them people not to feel heat.
https://youtu.be/cCxEeVUEuQQ?t=12m41s
https://youtu.be/YLXB_8l8S8g?t=2m57s
Allama Jawad Naqvi: Telecom companies, internet, fast connectivity, mobiles are responsible for spreading obscenity that leads to rape
https://youtu.be/bre44BQm5iA?t=5m2s
Allama Khadim Hussain Rizvi: Obscenity on media is responsible for rape incidents.
https://youtu.be/HgUMhDgJrpY?t=2m6s
Ilyas Qadri: rape happens due to obscenity and nudity in social media and paper media, films, media. delayed marriages
https://youtu.be/okreBGINUIM?t=21s
Mufti Tariq Masood (Deobandi): rape is due to obscenity and nudity in media, films and dramas.
https://youtu.be/mj6--PAM8mY?t=21m45s
Allama Amin Shaheedi: Education should be make children resist bad things. Today, even students of 2nd and 3rd grades are doing shameful things due to prevalence of obscenity in mobile, media, syllabus, Internet.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aRwixLPU_U&feature=youtu.be&t=28m25s
Maulana Fida Bukhari: Access to films, dramas and Internet has caused moral corruption and rape. There should be public execution for rapists.
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/960843742033973250
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y_L2ZPm-zMY&feature=youtu.be&t=36m10s
Baqer Qazwini (#Shia cleric) uses the biology of males to explain workplace harassment. When a female is constantly exposed to a male at workplace, the man becomes too comfortable and he makes an unwanted advance.
https://youtu.be/A5ylW-hh8QY?t=10m41s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mj6--PAM8mY&feature=youtu.be&t=24m50s
Barrister Masroor: If obscenity, Westernization and Internet are causes of rape, then why rapes happens in madrassas and rape? Allama Amin Shaheedi: These are the most fundamental causes for rapes there too.
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/960659125272276992
https://youtu.be/YbE5dMjEJm0?t=3m36s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbE5dMjEJm0&feature=youtu.be&t=3m25s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbE5dMjEJm0&feature=youtu.be&t=3m32s
Sayed Ahmed Al-Qazwini: There is a big problem in the West. It's a core problem, There is a big problem in the West. All rape cases show us that obviously there is one undeniable act that there is certain correlation between modesty of a woman and all those rape cases. There is a certain, undoubtable, undeniable correlation between the clothes that a woman wears and all of these rape cases. That when a woman on weekends, when she goes out late at night, when she is half-naked exposing her skin, ..when she goes out late at night half-naked, obviously what's the message she is sending. She's inviting them. She's creating the environment for disgracing people. we are not suggesting that man who commits the rape is innocent. All we are suggesting is that the woman is not innocent, she is guilty as well.
https://youtu.be/E6sn558vqRs?t=26m40s
11 Jan 2018: Zakira Syeda Zahra Zaidi says at Ahlebeit TV (UK-based #Shia TV) that it's fault of media, the people, the parents. Immodest dresses at billboards, dramas are weapons to destroy morals, ghairat, faith and self-respect. If people live on haram livelihood, they can't distinguish between haram and halal.
https://youtu.be/E6sn558vqRs?t=28m41s
11 Jan 2018: Zakira Syeda Zahra Zaidi says at Ahlebeit TV (UK-based #Shia TV) that men should enforce veil on their daughters and wives to prevent rape incidents. Unveiled women belong to "baighairt" (dishonored) men. Incidents like Zainab's rape happen due to "baighairt" men don't make their women wear veil. [Little girls like Zainab will keep getting raped if baighairt (dishonorable) men keep shirking their responsibility of enforcing veil on their daughters and wives.]
https://youtu.be/SewNcL6jb-U?t=50m15s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SewNcL6jb-U&feature=youtu.be&t=50m17s
12 Jan 2018: Uzma Jafari, anchorperson at Ahlebeit TV (UK-based #Shia TV) says Punjab's culture of 'dancing girls' at weddings arouses the dormant beast in men. Dance competitions of kids in morning shows also create an environment conducive to rape.
https://www.nawaiwaqt.com.pk/14-Feb-2018/770304
http://islamtimes.org/ur/doc/news/704647/
13 Feb 2018:
ویلنٹائن جیسی بے ہودہ رسموں کے باعث خواتین کیخلاف جرائم کی شرح میں اضافہ ہوا، علامہ نیاز نقوی
http://islamtimes.org/ur/doc/news/706345/
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/966094736774909952
19 Feb 2018: #Barelvi, #Deobandi, #Salafi and #Shia clerics ask govt to immediately end semester system in universities because it causes on-campus rape.
https://www.al-islam.org/introduction-rights-and-duties-women-islam-ayatullah-ibrahim-amini/marriage-and-its-merits#4-increase-well-being-social-environment
If individuals marry at the outset of their maturity, they shall love and depend on their families and become immune to many types of moral corruption. As a result, the statistics relating to rape, taking advantage of girls and women, fornication, sexual acts with members of the same sex, masturbation, and even addiction, murder, theft, and many other crimes will plummet.
https://www.al-islam.org/articles/marriage-gift-youth-sajid-ali
Imam as-Sadiq (as) says, “If a women perfumes herself to attract the attention of other men, her prayers will not be accepted until and unless she washes herself of this perfume and this washing will be like that of Janabat (the ritual both after an intercourse).”
Imam as-Sadiq (as) says, “If a women perfumes herself to attract the attention of other men, her prayers will not be accepted until and unless she washes herself of this perfume and this washing will be like that of Janabat (the ritual both after an intercourse).”
On reading this tradition one can comprehend the intensity of the matter and realise the amount of corruption that will spread in the society if a women adorns herself for other men. This is one of the primary reason of the sexual mayhem and chaos found in the world and the increasing number of rape cases reported, particularly from Western countries.
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uXnmC1UPykQC&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207#v=onepage&q&f=false
Extract from the page 207 of the book "Women in Iran: Gender politics in the Islamic republic" By Hammed Shahidian:
http://www.equalitynow.org/press-clips/how-rape-laws-around-world-are-failing-protect-women-and-girls-sexual-violence
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/mar/06/women-un-member-states-failed-by-rape-laws-sexual-violence-study-equality-now
Rape laws around the world
https://www.dawn.com/news/1018425
Not every religious scholar agrees with the condition of producing four witnesses in rape cases. Dr Javed Ghamdi, another prominent religious scholar, for example, interprets rape as “a crime falling in the category of Hiraba” that includes offences of robbery, harassment, terrorism or promoting terror. Hiraba does not require four witnesses to prove the offence. Circumstantial evidence, DNA and other relevant tests and testimony of experts and victims may be enough to prosecute the accused.
According to the scholar, Islamic jurisprudence also provides another way to deal with rape cases under the law of Jirah (wounds). The two logical frameworks, given by Islam, do not call for producing four witnesses to establish the crime of rape, Ghamdi says.
http://www.seekerspath.co.uk/question-bank/marriage-divorce/q-id0323-does-shariah-law-require-4-witnesses-to-prove-rape-what-is-the-punishment-for-a-rapist/
In cases of rape, the hadd punishment can only be implemented when there exists the testimony of four witnesses or the rapist pleads guilty; however, know it is possible for a rapist to be convicted on lesser evidence. The crime can be proven through a single witness and/or medical or chemical reports, however, with such evidence the hadd punishment cannot be implemented but rather a conviction for discretionary punishment is implemented, the terms and length of which is determined by the Qādi.
The understanding that the victim of rape will be punished for not being able to produce four witnesses to substantiate his/her accusation is erroneous. The punishment is to be carried out on the rapist if and when found guilty, the level of punishment is dependent upon the evidence. There is no punishment for the plaintiff irrespective of the outcome of the case.
http://www.equalitynow.org/action-alerts/iran-stoning-death-adultery%E2%80%94discriminatory-laws-target-iranian-women
The Civil and Penal Codes in Iran enshrining laws discriminatory towards women play a critical role in perpetuating violence against women. For example, girls can be legally married from the age of 13. Women can obtain a divorce only with great difficulty, and the added deterrent of potentially losing custody of any children above the age of seven years old to the father or paternal grandfather often compels women to remain even in abusive marriages. Proving claims of violence against women is also severely hampered by discriminatory laws of evidence. A woman’s testimony is worth only half that of a man in all civil and criminal cases and a woman’s testimony must be corroborated by a man’s testimony in order to prove rape under the Hudood law. This makes prosecuting rape extremely difficult, and as a consequence women who are unable to prove that they have been raped risk being charged with false accusation or adultery themselves.
....
In adultery cases, the Penal Code permits judges to pass sentences based on their own understanding of a case, even if there is insufficient or no evidence to support such a charge. This provision perpetuates discrimination within the judicial system by allowing convictions based on subjective interpretations of what constitutes appropriate female behavior. Ayatollah Shahroudi himself recently acknowledged the danger of issuing capital punishments when proof is not evaluated on objective criteria and concrete evidence, but rather on a judge’s so-called "knowledge" of a case. However, no change has been made to the Penal Code to address this concern.
http://www.askthesheikh.com/what-constitutes-rape-in-islam-what-is-the-punishment-and-how-is-it-proven/
1.
Rape in the Islamic criminal law means to have a sexual intercourse by
force with a woman who is not his wife. Therefore, if a man is forcing
his wife to have sex with him, it does not constitute rape in Islam.
2. The penalty for rape is death.
3.
To prove a rape like other sexual assaults a judge needs either: 1) the
testimony of four just male witnesses together, or 2) the confession of
the criminal on four occasions, 3) the certain knowledge of the judge.
This can often be obtained by a DNA or CCTV footage as long as the judge
is convinced with those evidences.
4.
It is forbidden for a wife to avoid her husband if he is demanding a
sexual intercourse with her, unless she is in her menstrual cycle, or
she is so ill that is physically unable to do so. Even then it is
recommended for her to somehow meet her husband’s sexual needs. On the
other hand, it is recommended to men to consider their wives situations
and prepare them for an intimate relation.
https://www.facebook.com/jonathanacbrown/posts/10153610935599850?pnref=storyhttps://bloggingtheology.net/2015/08/19/1810/
https://thethinkingmuslim.com/2015/08/19/islamic-law-on-rape/
The prototypical act of zinā was defined as sexual intercourse between a man and a woman over whom he has neither a conjugal nor an ownership right. Sane adult male and female participants to zinā were to receive a fixed corporal punishment (ḥadd): one hundred lashes and exile for unmarried free persons, stoning to death for married or previously married free persons, and fifty lashes (without exile) for slaves. Zinā was established, according to classical law, through either confession of one or both parties, or through the concurrent eyewitness testimony of four sane adult males. (It was unanimously agreed that women’s testimony was excluded in the ḥadd crimes, including zinā.) A third type of evidence – pregnancy in an unmarried/unowned woman – was contested between the schools.
....
Violation of free women is normally described as “coercive zinā” (al-istikrāh ʿalā al-zinā) and the victim as the “coerced woman” (al-mustakrahah), and substantive discussions are normally found in chapters on ḥudūd and zinā. Violation of slavewomen, on the other hand, is normally described as “property usurpation” (ghaṣb) and the victim as “usurped property” (maghṣūbah), and substantive discussions are normally found in chapters on ghaṣb. The second notable difference is the pointed attention to the volitional state of free women in acts of zinā and the frequent lack of attention to the volitional state of slavewomen in acts of ghasb. For the jurists, sexual usurpation of a slavewoman was a form of property damage that required financial compensation to her owner for depreciation. The consent or coercion of the slavewoman to the act, while important for determining whether or not she should get the ḥadd punishment, was irrelevant to assessing depreciation. A third key difference between the violation of free women and slavewomen is closely related to the previous point: The jurists were in agreement that violation of slavewomen required financial compensation to owners, usually equal to the amount by which she was depreciated by the act (this being of particular relevance if she was previously a virgin). Such agreement on monetary compensation was not found in the case of free female rape victims, and this latter point remained heavily contested between the schools of law.
....
Of the Sunni schools, the Mālikī school goes furthest to establish ways that a rape victim might mount a successful claim for compensation without sufficient eyewitness support or only circumstantial evidence. This may be due to the fact that of the four schools, only the Mālikī school holds pregnancy in an unmarried woman to be proof of zinā and therefore punishable; the other three schools withhold punishment in this context, on the presumption that she may have been raped. A rape victim in Mālikī jurisdiction, therefore, would be forced to report the crime and bring charges against her assailant, so as to avert punishment should she later show pregnancy. It may be that an acute awareness of the difficult position in which rape victims found themselves prompted Mālikī jurists to develop a more workable theory of evidence than the other schools.
....
Imāmī Shiite jurisprudence on rape is similar to Sunni jurisprudence in basic respects, yet has some appreciable differences. Shiite authorities agreed that the ḥadd punishment for zinā was to be imposed on the perpetrator of rape while averted from the victim.
....As for the punishment to be applied on the perpetrator, Shiite law was univocal in supporting an intensified version of the ḥadd zinā, namely execution by the sword rather than the normal ḥadd zinā (which was flogging for the unmarried and stoning for the previously married).
Shiite jurists were divided over the appropriateness of compensating the free victim of rape in the amount of her dower (mahr or ʿuqr). ... Shiite jurisprudence is also multivocal on the correct amount of damages payable to the owner of a sexually misappropriated slavewoman. Some argued that the owner is owed 1/10th of her price if she was a virgin and 1/20th is she was a matron, while others argued that the owner is owed her dower (mahr), as well as a separate fine for defloration if she was a virgin (called arsh al-bakārah).
Another notable area of difference between Sunni and Shiite jurisprudence concerns the liability of the insane to the ḥadd zinā. According to Sunni law, the ḥadd is to be averted from all who have defective legal capacity, such as minors, the insane, and the unconscious, regardless of gender. According to some Shiite jurists, a distinction is to be made between insane men and insane women who commit zinā: While the ḥadd is to be averted from insane women, it is imposed in full upon insane men.
...A few outlying issues should also be addressed. Classical Islamic law drew a line between rape intra-Muslim and intercommunal rape. If a Muslim male violated a non-Muslim (dhimmī) woman, the sentence would be the same for him as if she were Muslim. However, a dhimmī man’s assault against a Muslim woman was considered a violation of the intercommunal political treaty under which dhimmīs lived in Muslim lands, and so was to suffer execution.
http://ijtihadnet.com/wp-content/uploads/Shari-alIslam-fi-masaail-alHalal-wal-Haram.pdf
Extract from page 177 of the book 'Shara'i' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa al-haram':
13) Whoever copulates with his fasting wife forcibly in the month of Ramadan (during time of fasting), will be liable to two kaffarahs, and nothing is required of her. But if she submits to him willingly, the fast of both of them will be invalidated, and everyone will be liable to kaffarah individually, and to ta'zir of 25 lashes. And so also is the rule when coercion to sexual intercourse is perpetrated with a foreign woman. Some legists observed: he is not liable to ta'zir but to two atonements only.
http://middleeasternreporter.com/uncategorized/rape-marriage-laws-in-the-middle-east/
https://selfscholar.wordpress.com/2012/07/18/the-middle-easts-rape-marriage-laws/
“Rape-marriage”
laws are statutes in penal or criminal codes which, after the event of
rape, exempt the rapist from punishment — if the victim consents to
marriage. Combined with cultural notions of honor and shame, they often
result in a rape victim being coerced by family, or courts, to marry her
attacker.
Today, eight Arab countries have
rape-marriage laws on the books: Tunisia, Lebanon, Syria, Libya,
Jordan, Kuwait, Iraq, Bahrain, and the Palestinian Territories. However,
rape-marriage laws also exist outside the Middle East, particularly in Latin America.1
http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/03/iraq-rape-judiciary.html#ixzz4BUkHfpel
As
for legislation, Iraqi Penal Code No. 111 from 1969 sentences to death
whoever forcibly assaults and rapes a minor. If the victim is an adult,
the assailant shall be sentenced to 15 years of imprisonment or a life
sentence. In the event that the offender marries the victim, the
sentence shall be nullified.
http://www.iranhrdc.org/english/publications/reports/3401-surviving-rape-in-iran-s-prisons.html
Although rape is a crime in the Islamic Republic, as noted by the United Nation Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, the evidentiary standards are high and difficult to prove. In 2005, she noted that “[a] victim of rape can only prove her claim by presenting several male witnesses.” She described a case where the rape victim was unable to meet this threshold and therefore was charged with adultery.44 The evidentiary requirements are even more difficult to meet for victims in prison.
http://www.iranhrdc.org/english/publications/reports/3401-surviving-rape-in-iran-s-prisons.html
Although rape is a crime in the Islamic Republic, as noted by the United Nation Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, the evidentiary standards are high and difficult to prove. In 2005, she noted that “[a] victim of rape can only prove her claim by presenting several male witnesses.” She described a case where the rape victim was unable to meet this threshold and therefore was charged with adultery.44 The evidentiary requirements are even more difficult to meet for victims in prison.
https://pure.uvt.nl/portal/files/4555520/Azari_Protection_25_11_2014.pdf
Haja Azari's PhD thesis: Protection of women victim of rape: Islamic and international legal perspectives
"
Notable differences between Sunni and Shiite schools of Islamic law
regarding rape exist. The main difference between the two schools has to do
with punishment. For the punishment to impose on the perpetrator of Zina,
Shiite jurists unanimously opine that an intensified version of Hadd punishment
for Zina, which is death penalty or execution (i.e. by hanging), should be
inflicted on the coercing party; irrespective of being married or single.
According to the Sunni legal system, however, the same Hadd punishment of
Zina with all its alternatives is administered to such a person. If s/he is single the
Hadd is flogging; if s/he is married, however, the Hadd becomes stoning to
death.
In addition, Article 82 mentions the punishment of the types of
“Zina”270 and while there is no specific definition of rape in the penal code, the
offense of rape is punishable by death. Looking at the Iranian legislation, it
appears that the legal definition of Zina shows that both acts of Zina and Zina-
bi’l-jabr (forced illicit sexual relations, i.e., rape) are defined as “sexual
intercourse without being validly married.” Clearly, the only difference between
the two acts (and it is a major difference) is that rape occurs without consent.
Therefore, it is the duty of judge to recognize the force and coercion and in
many cases, judges have used the definition of “Zina” for defining rape in
addition to proving the force and coercion.
This method of legislation has not recognized marital rape under the
category of rape. It may be included under another category of crime i.e.
domestic violence, Jirah etc. In this system, rape also requires sexual intercourse
with the opposite sex, therefore, use of external objects or other methods such as
forced oral sex have not been considered rape.271
........
The testimony of four reliable and credible eye-
witnesses, all of whom must have witnessed the actual intercourse (i.e., actual
penetration). Any disagreement about the time of the act, its place leads to the
rejection of the accusations (Iranian Criminal Code, Article 75-76). 3. The
knowledge of judges (or Conviction of judges) is the most important and crucial
evidentiary requirement. If the judges are convinced that the accused committed
the crime through some evidence, for instance one or two witness or one time
confession or a medical report, etc., they can then issue the sentence against the
accused (Iranian Criminal Code, Article 105).
....
the authority given to judges in order to find out the truth
(recognizing knowledge of judges) and the regulation under the Article 67 IPC
can be very helpful for victims of rape and reducing their problems.
.....
Analysis of rape cases has shown that according
to the judges’ viewpoints, any previous relationship between the accused and the
victim or victim's criminal history, especially liaison or prostitution in some
cases, have been considered sufficient evidence to prove the victim's consent.
...
...
In Iranian criminal law, compensation through state-funded mechanisms is
possible in some cases such as murder, but there is no provision of a specific and independent
outline and rubric for compensation in rape cases.
http://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/234991400-four-witnesses-for-rape/
"Kitab-al-Hadood Wa Tadheerat
by Ayatollah Syed Muhammad al-Hussaini al-Shirazi
Volume 1,
Chapter of Rape,
Topic No: 2-6., Pg. 70-79, 144
Most marjas agree that in order for rape to proven, there have to be 4 witnesses (and there is a whole chapter on who exactly is a witness). If no witnesses are there, the man has to confess 4 times. But if a woman accuses a man of raping her and the man denies this completely, and there are no witnesses either, then the Islamic jurist cannot accept the woman's claim. Infact, if she brings 3 witnesses but not the fourth one, then the testimony of the 3 witnesses would not only be rejected, instead they would be punished (e.g., lashed) for falsely blaming a man for rape without having adequate proof. You can write to your own marjas and inquire about the criteria that have to be met before a rapist can be punsihed. I'm sure none of them will say that any man can be put to death simply because some woman accused him of raping her.
By the way, there are several incidents from the life of our Imams (as) where people came to them and confessed to zina. The Imams did not punish them straight away. Instead, they tried their best to avoid punishing the sinner and told them to return to their home. But when they confessed their sin 4 times, the Imams said that now there was no choice left except to punish the culprits."
http://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/80118-what-is-the-punishment-of-rape/
The
man would be struck with a no more than a single strike of sword on his
neck. In case he survives this blow, he will be imprisoned for life.
Some marjas say that if the rapist was married (in nikah or mutah) and
his wife was readily available for him for sexual intercourse, and
despite this he raped some other woman, then first he will be lashed 100
times and then struck with the sword on his neck.
http://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/38606-rape-laws-in-iran/
"Br. Abdulhujjah brought it to my attention in another discussion (last year), that there must be 4 witnesses for rape as well. I had always understood that it wasn't necessary to have the four witnesses, in order to punish the person. I wrote to Sayyid Khamene'i's office and the office of Sayyid Seestani, below are the answers I received.
----- Original Message -----
From: Hajar
To: istiftaa@wilayah.org
Sent: Sunday, May 18, 2003 8:47 AM
Subject: Question
Salaam Alaikum,
I have a question regarding rape. If a man rapes a women, is it necessary to have 4 witnesses in order to prosecute the man?
WaSalaam, Hajar
Salamun `alaykum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu.
The answer is as follows:
Bismihi Ta`ala
To establish the had (the punishment) on the man, there should be his confess or the testimony of four men (the details of which are mentioned in Ar-risaal al-`amaliyyah).
With prayers for your success,
wassalam.
__________________________________________________________________
-----الرسالة الأصلية-----
من: Hajar [mailto:hajar@shaw.ca]
تاريخ الإرسال: 18 May 2003 06:17
إلى: Imam Ali (a.s.) Foundation
الموضوع: Question
Salaam Alaikum,
I have a question regarding rape. If a man rapes a women, is it necessary to have 4 witnesses in order to prosecute the man?
بسمه تعالى
Asslamu Alaykum
If he admit that he did rape her then there is no need for the (4) witnesses otherwise it is necessary to have 4 witnesses and come to say that they have seen him together."
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NJRyZe8TcbIC&pg=PA128&lpg=PA128&dq=rape#v=onepage&q=rape&f=false
Extract from the chapter "Breaking the silence: Rape law in Iran and controlling women’s sexuality" by Nadia Aghtaei in the book "Nicole Westmoreland, Geetanjali Gangoli (eds) International Approaches to Rape. Bristol: Policy Press", page 128. It states that Iranian law allows judge to consider medical evidence in zina and rape cases, although it is not a uniform practice.
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NJRyZe8TcbIC&pg=PA131&lpg=PA131#v=onepage&q&f=false
Extract from the chapter "Breaking the silence: Rape law in Iran and controlling women’s sexuality" by Nadia Aghtaei in the book "Nicole Westmoreland, Geetanjali Gangoli (eds) International Approaches to Rape. Bristol: Policy Press", page 131.
https://islamqa.info/en/158282
The presence of the man’s semen on the woman does not prove that rape has taken place. That may have happened with her consent, in which case she is as deserving punishment as he is. It may be that she is claiming that he raped her because of an argument between them, so that he will be punished or in order to blackmail him. So this is not proof that the crime of rape has taken place, nor is it proof that the crime of zina has taken place. It is possible that no real intercourse took place, but the semen entered her vagina or she put it there herself. The possibilities are many and according to sharee‘ah, hadd punishments cannot be imposed on the basis of possibilities; rather it must be on the basis of proof. The results of DNA testing may be mistaken, or samples may be switched or the results may be falsified, so they cannot be taken as shar‘i evidence on the basis of which hadd punishments are carried out.
In the answer to question no. 103410 we
quoted a statement from the Islamic Fiqh Council of the Muslim World
League on the issue of DNA and ways of benefitting from it, in which it
said:
Firstly:
there is no shar‘i prohibition on relying on DNA in criminal
investigations and regarding it as a means of proving evidence in crimes
for which there is no hadd punishment or qisaas (retaliatory
punishment) prescribed in Islam, because of the report which says, “Ward
off hadd punishments by means of doubts (i.e., do not carry out hadd
punishments if there is any doubt).” That is so as to achieve justice
and security in society; it leads to the criminal getting the punishment
he deserves and proving the innocence of the innocent. This is an
important aim of sharee‘ah. End quote.
This
statement indicates that the hadd punishment may not be applied to the
accused if the evidence that is specified in sharee‘ah in order for the
crime to be proven is not available. But there may be strong
circumstantial evidence to prove the case against the accused.
In
this case the judge may punish the accused with a disciplinary
punishment (ta‘zeer) as he sees fit. Then the accused (once he is proven
guilty by circumstantial evidence) will not escape punishment.
http://womensenews.org/2003/12/women-iran-deem-rape-laws-unfair/
In Iran, if a woman is raped, she is considered an adulteress and faces death by stoning. But if a woman fights off a sexual predator and kills him, she can then be tried for murder and face death by hanging.
If a man is proven to have raped a woman, his punishment is execution by hanging. But in almost all cases, the man is set free because judges traditionally look for signs in the behavior and clothing of the woman in order to explain away the act of rape. A Persian-language proverb goes like this: “It is the tree that hosts the worm,” meaning rape is caused by women and their suggestive behavior.
The penal code, which is based on Iranian interpretations of Islamic law, states that if a woman injures or kills a rapist in self-defense, she will not be prosecuted. But proving self-defense is very difficult. The woman must demonstrate that her defense was equal to the danger she faced. Additionally, she must prove inflicting harm was her the last resort in escaping rape. According to press reports, in the last year one woman successfully argued self-defense while being tried for murdering an alleged rapist.
The Iranian government does not publish prison records, and there are no official statistics about the number of women who have been sentenced to death by stoning for rape. In 2002, the press reported four cases, but it is generally believed the number is higher.
http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/07/iran-rape-11-year-old.html#ixzz44CNoxJX2
Shahindokht Molaverdi, Iran’s vice president for women and family affairs, wrote a status on her Facebook page in which she accused the ultra-conservative Ansar-e Hezbollah of having double standards for opposing the presence of women at the recent volleyball world championship games in Tehran, which they claim would violate the “purity” of women, while at the same time keeping silent about this crime.
...
"In Iran, there are complicated laws that make it very difficult for women to prove they have been raped and in some cases these laws can lead to rape victims being punished.
Kar said, “In Iran’s courts there are many factors that influence a judge’s decision in a rape case. If a women had gone to the house or place of work of a man and was raped there, or if a woman accepts to live with a man and is raped by him, the court would not consider these as rape cases. The courts would claim that such incidents were consensual because there should be no reason for a woman to be in the residence of a man who is a stranger.”
Kar added that this reality leads not only to a woman’s rape claim often being dismissed, but in some cases for the woman to be charged with having admitted to having sexual relations and hence committing adultery, leading to her potentially being punished.
This is most likely one reason why many women in Iran prefer to not report being raped to the police. Therefore, it is impossible to get accurate figures on rape in Iran. Four years ago, Iran’s police chief Morteza Ahmadi-Moghadam said there had been 900 officially recorded cases of rape in Iran in the year 2011 (1390 in the Persian calendar)."
http://www.dawn.com/news/147586
The
commission that drafted Hudood Ordinance in 1979 was presided by
Justice Muhammad Afzal Cheema and comprised of eminent ulema and jurists
like Justice Salahuddin Ahmad, A.K.Barohi, Khwaja Qamaruddin Sayalvi,
Mufti Sayahuddin Kakakhel, Advocate Khalid Ishaq, Maulana Muhammad Yusuf
Binori, Mufti Muhammad Hussain Naeemi, Maulana Zafar Ahmad Ansari,
Justice Muhammad Taqi Osmani, Mir Ja’far Hussain Mujtahid, Maulana
Muhammad Hanif Nadvi, Dr Ziauddin and Tajjamul Hussain Hashmi.
http://www.refworld.org/docid/46725c962.html
https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/ajpreport_20050718.pdf
Both Ittihad and Wahdat targeted civilians in house-to-house raids: in the first major use of rape as a weapon, Ittihad forces raped an unknown number of Hazara Shia women, and Wahdat forces raped Pashtuns. Under international criminal law, crimes of sexual violence are considered war crimes. 140 In Afghanistan, rape was not used systematically as a weapon of war during the communist era, although there are some reports of incidents of rape by Soviet and Afghan PDPA forces then. Some mujahidin forces committed rape or abducted women during offensives on government-held territory, but the practice was not widespread. The civil war that raged in Kabul between 1992 and 1995 changed that. Every mujahidin group fighting inside Kabul committed rape with the specific purpose of punishing entire communities for their perceived support for rival militias. Thus, rape, as well as other targeted attacks on civilians, was ethnically based. In many cases, it was used as a means of ethnic cleansing. The Afghanistan Justice Project has documented some of these incidents, below
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/975997.stm
17 Oct 2000:
http://www.refworld.org/docid/46725c962.html
https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/ajpreport_20050718.pdf
Both Ittihad and Wahdat targeted civilians in house-to-house raids: in the first major use of rape as a weapon, Ittihad forces raped an unknown number of Hazara Shia women, and Wahdat forces raped Pashtuns. Under international criminal law, crimes of sexual violence are considered war crimes. 140 In Afghanistan, rape was not used systematically as a weapon of war during the communist era, although there are some reports of incidents of rape by Soviet and Afghan PDPA forces then. Some mujahidin forces committed rape or abducted women during offensives on government-held territory, but the practice was not widespread. The civil war that raged in Kabul between 1992 and 1995 changed that. Every mujahidin group fighting inside Kabul committed rape with the specific purpose of punishing entire communities for their perceived support for rival militias. Thus, rape, as well as other targeted attacks on civilians, was ethnically based. In many cases, it was used as a means of ethnic cleansing. The Afghanistan Justice Project has documented some of these incidents, below
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/975997.stm
17 Oct 2000:
A government newspaper, Iran, has reported that in the past six months alone 30 women have been murdered - all of them victims of rape.
The official Iranian news agency, IRNA, has also reported that two men have been hanged in public in the holy city of Qom for abducting and raping underage girls.
The evidence is a huge embarrassment for Iran's Islamic authorities.
The new statistics suggest that in every six days a woman in Tehran is raped and murdered.
...
The crisis is so acute in Tehran that the authorities have recently established a safe home for runaway girls.
The Iran paper gave no figures about the number of rape victims in other Iranian cities. But Iranian officials have expressed grave concern in recent months over a rapid rise in prostitution and suicide among women.
https://www.hrw.org/news/2002/03/06/anti-pashtun-violence-northern-afghanistan
N., a thirty year old Pashtun woman who lives in Balkh city, was gang-raped together with her fourteen year old daughter by a group of soldiers of the ethnic Hazara Hizb-i-Wahdat party, who also looted her home in late December 2001. The Hazara soldiers also beat her invalid husband unconscious. She was interviewed by Human Rights Watch on February 19, 2002.
https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/wrd/afghan-women-2k2.htm
In December 2001, fourteen armed Hazara men from the Wahdat12 party raped three sisters, ages twelve-, fourteen-, and twenty-years-old from Char Rahi Haji Ayub, a neighborhood in Mazar. Security forces under the command of Majid Rouzi13 arrested four men who were released a few days later. One day after this incident, General Dostum called on all his forces to "respect the honor of all women." The manager of the hospital records where this case was registered and where the girls sought medical treatment, explained that when she followed up with the family about their case, they told her that the authorities said they could not do anything because the responsible soldiers belonged to another faction.14
....
On Feb 15, 2002, in Darvazeye Taj-Qurghan in Mazar, Z., a 14-year-old and S., her thirty-six-year-old mother, were raped by several Hazara men who were accompanied by armed militiamen. The woman and girl identified the perpetrators as men who wore traditional clothes, some with camouflage jackets and weapons, and with turbans pulled across their faces. Dr. L. told Human Rights Watch, "They first tied up the men of the house and then raped the girl and her mother. The criminal station [part of the police force of the city] brought them to the hospital. They were a Tajik family and the men [who attacked them] were Hazara with some armed military men."18
https://www.hrw.org/news/2002/03/06/anti-pashtun-violence-northern-afghanistan
N., a thirty year old Pashtun woman who lives in Balkh city, was gang-raped together with her fourteen year old daughter by a group of soldiers of the ethnic Hazara Hizb-i-Wahdat party, who also looted her home in late December 2001. The Hazara soldiers also beat her invalid husband unconscious. She was interviewed by Human Rights Watch on February 19, 2002.
https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/wrd/afghan-women-2k2.htm
In December 2001, fourteen armed Hazara men from the Wahdat12 party raped three sisters, ages twelve-, fourteen-, and twenty-years-old from Char Rahi Haji Ayub, a neighborhood in Mazar. Security forces under the command of Majid Rouzi13 arrested four men who were released a few days later. One day after this incident, General Dostum called on all his forces to "respect the honor of all women." The manager of the hospital records where this case was registered and where the girls sought medical treatment, explained that when she followed up with the family about their case, they told her that the authorities said they could not do anything because the responsible soldiers belonged to another faction.14
....
On Feb 15, 2002, in Darvazeye Taj-Qurghan in Mazar, Z., a 14-year-old and S., her thirty-six-year-old mother, were raped by several Hazara men who were accompanied by armed militiamen. The woman and girl identified the perpetrators as men who wore traditional clothes, some with camouflage jackets and weapons, and with turbans pulled across their faces. Dr. L. told Human Rights Watch, "They first tied up the men of the house and then raped the girl and her mother. The criminal station [part of the police force of the city] brought them to the hospital. They were a Tajik family and the men [who attacked them] were Hazara with some armed military men."18
http://www.rawa.org/rape2.htm
http://www.rawa.org/pushtun2.htm
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2002/03/20/for-the-sins-of-the-taliban/5e0e272f-45d3-4009-89b3-cffed16b18f1/
20 March 2002:
Fourteen-year-old
Fatima had begged the Hazara soldiers not to rape her, saying she was
young and a virgin. One of the soldiers threatened her with his gun,
ordering her to undress or be killed. Two different soldiers raped her,
and then three others raped her mother. The mother asked why the
soldiers were doing these things. She was told "You are Talibs and you
are Pashtun." Before leaving, the soldiers beat Fatima's crippled father
unconscious, and carried off all of the family's possessions. "There is
nothing left for us; marriage and honor are gone," Fatima's mother told
us.
https://www.vice.com/read/rayhaneh-jabbari-rape-death-sentence-iran
From all the cases that she’s read about and campaigned for, Arifa has formed the conclusion that this male advantage comes down to the way judges in Iran actually examine rape cases. “Judges, police, and politicians all go to the woman first—they look at her behavior,” she explained. “If they see that a woman wears loose or colorful clothing, or they wear a scarf so that it shows some hair, they say that the woman was inviting herself to be raped. It makes it very difficult for women to fight their cases, and one reason that rape punishments are so low is because barely any rapists are sent to jails. That, and less and less women are actually reporting the crimes.”
......
Besides
justice for the attacks themselves, it’s also difficult for women to
get fair consideration if they’re taken to court for defending
themselves against their attackers. Because of Iran’s penal code, women
who claim self-defense have to prove that they used a level of force
“appropriate” to the attack, and that physical force was used as a “last
resort.” Of course, because that’s impossible to prove conclusively,
most women brave enough to enter the dock in the first place end up
losing; according to Arifa, there have been less than five cases in over
a decade where claiming self-defense has actually worked.
Rayaneh’s
story isn’t uncommon. Iranian rape victims are often subjected to
further punishment after their initial ordeal. For example, in 2005,
Afsaneh Nowrouzi, a 34-year-old mother, was sentenced to death after
killing a high-ranking police officer who tried to rape her. After seven
years in one of the country’s most severe prisons, where she was
beaten, abused with pepper spray, and left to starve for days, she was eventually released—and that was only because the police officer’s family granted her a pardon.
Even
today, despite Iran’s gradually improving record on women’s rights, the
number of sex-abuse crimes is unrecorded. And because Iran doesn’t
publish any type of prisoner records, nobody knows how many rape cases
have been filed or how many rapists have been sent to prison.
http://www.dawn.com/news/120590
17 Oct 2003: The women wing of Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Karachi, organized a literary dialogue on “Hudood Ordinance in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah”, here on Friday.
23 March 2004:
Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan (women's wing) chief Dr Farida Ahmad Siddiqui has said that the Hadood Ordinance has provided protection to women and as such it should not be repealed in any circumstances.
http://www.dawn.com/news/120590
17 Oct 2003: The women wing of Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Karachi, organized a literary dialogue on “Hudood Ordinance in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah”, here on Friday.
In
the dialogue, which was attended by around 500 women, a resolution was
unanimously approved that no amendment or revocation of the Hudood
Ordinance would be accepted. The resolution demanded of the government
to reject the report of Women Commission in this regard.
http://www.dawn.com/news/123332
5 Nov 2003:
http://www.dawn.com/news/354570 http://www.dawn.com/news/123332
5 Nov 2003:
As
section 5 (1)(a) reads: “Zina is liable to Hadd if it is committed by a
man who is an adult and is not insane with a woman to whom he is not
and does not suspect himself to be married”.
Justice
Shaiq Usmani, one of the committee members, was of the view that as the
term “adult” had been used for a man, it should also had been used for a
woman.
Hina
Jilani, another member, while endorsing the point raised by Justice
Usmani stated that the consent of the woman was of prime importance and
unless she was an “adult” how could her consent be admissible under the
law?
Dr
Farooq Khan and Allama Aqeel Turabi also supported both the views. The
majority of the members observed that the absence of the term “adult”
with the word “woman” would mean that if a sexual act was committed with
a minor woman it would be termed as Zina and not Zina-bil-Jabr, which
would not be just and fair.
Whereas,
Dr S.M. Zaman was of the view that there was nothing wrong in this
section and, therefore, it should remain the way it was. Likewise, Dr
Farida Ahmad was of the view that whether this act is done with an adult
woman or a minor, it would remain an act of Zina.
She,
however, suggested that the word “puberty” may be included in the
section so that the act of Zina could only be considered with a woman
who has attained puberty.
A
general consensus amongst the committee members was, however, developed
that addition of the term “adult” before the word “woman” was necessary
and that sexual intercourse committed with a minor must go under
Zina-bil-Jabr. Subsequently, it was agreed by the majority of the
members that section 5 (1)(a) needs to be redrafted.
Similarly,
definition of Zina as given in section 4 of the ordinance was reviewed
and discussed. The definition reads: A man and a woman are said to
commit “Zina” if they wilfully have sexual intercourse without being
validly married to each other.
Justice
Usmani was of the view that the use of word “wilfully” needed to be
replaced by the word “consensually”. His contention was based on the
fact that women in society, particularly in the rural and tribal areas,
are so much subjugated to the male domination that they may act
“willingly” but not “consensually”.
Thus,
a wilful act may not necessarily be consensual. Most members of the
committee endorsed the view point of Justice Usmani. Syed Afzal Haider
pointed out that the law defines the term “voluntary” and not the word
“wilful”. The sexual act, therefore, is said to be performed as a
voluntary act where the two people are governed by desire.
23 March 2004:
Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan (women's wing) chief Dr Farida Ahmad Siddiqui has said that the Hadood Ordinance has provided protection to women and as such it should not be repealed in any circumstances.
===================
Rape question on Geo TV Aalim Online (20 May 2004)
http://web.archive.org/web/20060320024645/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_25-1-2005_pg3_5
http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/25-Jan-2005/second-opinion-warring-over-wana-khaled-ahmed-s-tv-review
"GEO (December 21, 2004) had host Amir Liaquat Hussain talking to ulema on line about rape. One Sunni cleric said that the raped woman was to be held responsible along with the rapist. When it was explained to him that a woman may be a victim and not cooperative, he still held to the position that a raped woman was culpable to some extent. The Shia cleric said that if a 'girl friend' was raped she was culpable but not an abducted woman."
http://www.geocities.ws/geoaalimonline/
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:dbglfOlcO6QJ:www.oocities.org/geoaalimonline/+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=uk&client=firefox-b
Geo Aalim Online (18 Dec 2004)
Repeat Telecast of 20 May 2004 Programme
Question 2:Agar Ziyadati ki gae hain tou larki bhi ghunhagar hain?
http://web.archive.org/web/20050414220315/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_30-1-2005_pg3_1
It is accepted on all hands that the most popular programmes on the TV channels are those featuring the ulema handing out verdicts on people’s problems. One popular channel (on December 21, 2004) had the host talking to the ulema about ‘rape’. The Sunni cleric said that the raped woman was to be held responsible along with the rapist. When it was explained to him that a woman may be a victim and not cooperative, he still held to the position that a raped woman was culpable to some extent. The Shia cleric said that if a ‘girl friend’ was raped she was culpable but not an abducted woman.
What happens on our TV reveals the ugly interstices of a faith practised at the level of the common clergy. It is revealing, but it is also harmful because people wrongly take such TV ‘fatwas’ to be authoritative. And it came to pass on the same channel (January 28, 2005) that while discussing rape the audience was reluctant to consider the victim innocent!
Under the circumstances, we believe that the host should in all propriety declare at the outset of each programme that the views expressed are personal and “advisory” and carry no authority. Such outlandish TV ‘fatwas’ are certainly not Scripture. The government should insist on a code of programming that promotes enlightened moderation rather than hide its head in the sand like an ostrich. *
================
Leila Mafi
http://www.amnestyusa.org/research/reports/iran-the-last-executioner-of-children?page=19
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4118727.stm
22 Dec 2004:
Iranian officials have confirmed that a court has sentenced a young woman to death for prostitution but denied that she is mentally disabled.
Leyla Mafi was sentenced more than a year ago at a court in Arak after being found guilty of having illegal sex.
... The organisation said the woman's mother had forced her into prostitution at the age of eight.
It also said she had been repeatedly raped and had given birth to a baby at the age of nine.
Iranian officials have rejected some of the group's findings.
They say Ms Mafi is mentally and physically normal and had only been working as a prostitute as an adult.
Under Iranian law, girls over the age of nine and boys over 16 face the death penalty for crimes such as rape and murder.
http://www.iranrights.org/library/document/2835
Leila Mafi was forced by her mother into prostitution at the age of eight. She gave birth when aged nine and was sentenced to 100 lashes for prostitution at about the same time. When she was 12 her family sold her to an Afghan to be his 'temporary wife', while her mother-in-law became her new pimp. At the age of 14 she was condemned to 100 lashes again. Later she gave birth to a twins. Then, her family sold her again, to a 55-year-old man who was married with two children, and he forced her to prostitution. …
On March 27, 2005, the Supreme Court repealed the death sentence and the five years imprisonment but confirmed the lash ruling. The case was referred to a lower court in Arak. Then, Branch 103 of the Public Court of Arak exonerated Leila Mafi from charges of incest (punishable by death) and managing a brothel. However, she was condemned to 99 lashes for acts incompatible with chastity. She was also condemned to three and a half years imprisonment for “providing for corruption and prostitution by readiness to have sexual acts.” The judge ordered that she spend eight months at a center for women’s empowerment after completion of her prison term.
The 99-lash ruling was carried out at the Arak Courthouse in February of 2006. Leila Mafi was then transferred to a center for women’s empowerment in Tehran.”
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/7107184.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/crossing_continents/7107379.stm
29 Nov 2007:
Sold into prostitution aged nine, condemned by an Iranian judge to hang at 18, Leila was saved by a group of human rights activists.
"I was nine years old when my mother started selling me. I did not understand what was happening."
Today Leila is a young woman of 22. For the past two years she has been cared for by a private home for destitute young women in Tehran, Omid E Mehr, which means Hope.
"My mother would say: 'Let's go out to buy things, like chocolates'. She would actually trick me. I was a tiny girl. She just took me to places."
Leila still finds it difficult to talk about the past. But we know that the "places" she speaks of are where she was sold for sex and raped.
Leila became the main source of income for a family of five.
The lawyer who eventually saved Leila's life, Shadi Sadr, is a controversial figure in Iran. Although she was imprisoned earlier this year for taking part in human rights demonstrations, she is widely respected and frequently quoted in the press.
=================
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4295111.stm
24 Feb 2005: A teenage girl and two young men in Iran have been sentenced to lashes for having sex.
The court dismissed the girl's claim that she was raped. It said she had sex of her own free will, the official Iran Daily newspaper reported.
The girl was sentenced to 100 lashes because her accusations of rape and kidnap could have landed her partners a death penalty, the Tehran judge said.
Sex outside marriage is illegal in Iran and capital punishment can be imposed.
The young men in the case were sentenced to 30 and 40 lashes each.
http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/editorial/25-Aug-2006/second-opinion-why-are-pakistanis-doing-terrorism-khaled-ahmed-s-review-of-the-urdu-press
"Reported in Jang (June 12, 2006) a debate was held on TV on the abolition of Zina Ordinance which makes no distinction between rape and fornication and punishes a raped woman because she can't bring four male pious witnesses of the rape. The extremist point of view was represented by Mufti Munib of Ahle Sunnat plus Maulana Muhammad Malik. The moderate view was represented by Javed al Ghamidi and Dr Tufail Hashmi. It was agreed that the Hudood Ordinance would be amended to save the raped woman from being punished and that rape should be taken to the haraba provision of the law and not be treated as act of sexual pleasure. Maulana Malik did not agree that the ordinance needed change. Mufti Munib was inclined to favour him but did not go all the way.
Maulana Malik lost the debate, and tried to cover up by losing his cool. He wanted clergy to take over the courts before any amendment is made. He expressed himself unhappy with the present constitutional order. All Islamic states move inexorably towards theocracy because of the rejectionism of the clergy."
https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/643871-consensus-on-amending-hudood-ordinance
12 June 2006:
Mufti Muneeb ur Rahman and Maulana Abdul Malik vociferously stated that Allah Almighty wants zina to be a crime that remains within the four walls and not brought to courts for trials and sentences. Javed Ghamdi and Tufail Hashmi also agreed with them saying, “This explains the rationale behind the requirement of four witnesses to prove an act of zina, but not zina bil-jabr/rape.”
....
While Prof. Ghamidi and Dr. Hashmi said that rape is separate from fornication/adultery and therefore should have its own specific requirements of evidence and punishments, Maulana Malik and Mufti Muneeb held the view that according to the dictionary zina, or fornication/adultery, and zina bil-jabr, or rape, are the same since these are acts of zina. The only difference, they added, is that in the former, both parties get punished, while in the latter, the victim is not.
Prof. Ghamidi and Dr. Hashmi insisted that zina bil-jabr is a crime against humanity and society and comes under hiraba –- the crimes stated by Allah Almighty in Surah Maidah — and should be punished according to the punishments suggested by the Holy Quran regarding such heinous crimes, and should not be confused with zina’s evidence requirement and punishment mentioned in the Holy Quran.
http://www.dawn.com/news/201312
13 July 2006:
Prof Shah Faridul Haque, the newly-elected chairman of the Supreme Council of Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan (Noorani), said here on Thursday that anti-Islam forces were behind the drive against the Hudood Ordinance.
http://www.pakistanpressfoundation.org/2006/07/mma-to-launch-sindh-campaign-against-hudood-ord-changes/
July 20, 2006:
The Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) and the Shia Ulema Council announced on July 20 they would launch a protest campaign against the government’s endeavours to amend the Hudood Ordinance from Friday (July 21). Briefing the media at the MMA Sindh’s headquarters at Masjid-e-Quba, Maulana Asadullah Bhutto, the MMA president, said the decision was taken by the MMA’s provincial leadership Wednesday. “We will continue till the ordinance is saved and the government withdraws its decision about the amendments to it,” Bhutto said. He was flanked by MMA leaders Mumtaz Memon, Abdul Karim Abid and Qambar Abbas Naqvi.
=============
Atefeh Sahaaleh (2006)
https://vimeo.com/34165596
Documentary: Execution of a Teenage Girl (2006)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atefeh_Sahaaleh
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/5217424.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/5217424.stm
July 27, 2006: No
court transcript is available from Atefah's trial, but it is known that
for the first time, Atefah confessed to the secret of her sexual abuse
by Ali Darabi.
However,
the age of sexual consent for girls under Sharia law - within the
confines of marriage - is nine, and furthermore, rape is very hard to
prove in an Iranian court.
"Men's
word is accepted much more clearly and much more easily than women,"
according to Iranian lawyer and exile Mohammad Hoshi.
"They can say: 'You know she encouraged me' or 'She didn't wear proper dress'."
When
Atefah realised her case was hopeless, she shouted back at the judge
and threw off her veil in protest. It was a fatal outburst. She was
sentenced to execution by hanging, while Darabi got just 95 lashes.
==============
http://www.dawn.com/news/204147
2 August 2006:
[Barelvi]
MNA Abul Khair Mohammad Zubair argued that the laws were enforced by
Holy Prophet (pbuh) and government wanted to repeal them in order to
appease terrorists and extortionists.
He said the MMA had taken stand on it forcing the government to even drop amendments for the time being.
Senator
Dr Khalid Mehmood Soomro said that since these were divine laws even
President Gen Pervez Musharraf could not do away with them and make
Pakistan a secular state.
Abdul
Rehman Sheikh quoted a ruling of the Federal Shariat Appellate Court,
reported in the Pakistan Criminal Law Journal (p1839), that witness of a
lone woman and her medical report were sufficient evidence for
registration of FIR that she had been subjected to criminal assault.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/oct/08/iraq.peterbeaumont
7 Oct 2006: Iraqis do not like to talk about it much, but there is an understanding of what is going on these days. If a young woman is abducted and murdered without a ransom demand, she has been kidnapped to be raped. Even those raped and released are not necessarily safe: the response of some families to finding that a woman has been raped has been to kill her.
...
Strong
anecdotal evidence gathered by organisations such as that of Yanar
Mohammed and by the Iraqi Women's Network, run by Hanna Edwar, suggests
rape is also being used as a weapon in the sectarian war to humiliate
families from rival communities. 'So far what we have been seeing is
what you might call "collateral rape",' says Besmia Khatib of the Iraqi
Women's Network. 'Rape is being used in the settling of scores in the
sectarian war.' Yanar Mohammed describes how a Shia girl was kidnapped,
raped and dumped in the Husseiniya area of Baghdad. The retaliation, she
says, was the kidnapping and rape of several Sunni girls in the
Rashadiya area. Tit for tat.
Similar
stories are emerging across Iraq. 'Of course rape is going on,' says
Aida Ussayaran, former deputy Human Rights Minister and now one of the
women on the Council of Representatives. 'We blame the militias. But
when we talk about the militias, many are members of the police. Any
family now that has a good-looking young woman in it does not want to
send her out to school or university, and does not send her out without a
veil. This is the worst time ever in Iraqi women's lives. In the name
of religion and sectarian conflict they are being kidnapped and killed
and raped. And no one is mentioning it.'
http://www.today.com/id/15836746/ns/today-today_news/t/rape-case-calls-saudi-legal-system-question/#
http://www.today.com/id/15836746/ns/today-today_news/t/rape-case-calls-saudi-legal-system-question/#
21 Nov 2006: Judges — appointed by the king on the recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council — have complete discretion to set sentences, except in cases where Sharia outlines a punishment, such as capital crimes.
That means no two judges would likely hand down the same verdict for similar crimes. A rapist, for instance, could receive anywhere from a light or no sentence to death, depending on the judge.
Saudis are urging the Justice Ministry to clarify the logic behind some rulings. In one recent case, three men convicted of raping a 12-year-old boy received sentences of between one and two years in prison and 300 lashes each. In contrast, another judge sentenced at least four men to between six and 12 years imprisonment for fondling women in a tunnel in Riyadh.
Saleh al-Shehy, a columnist for Al-Watan, asked Justice Minister Abdullah Al-Sheik to explain why the boy’s rapists got a lighter sentence than the men in last year’s sexual harassment case.
https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/34025-mcilroy-threatens-tiger-as-the-face-of-golf
4 Dec 2006:
According to sources, the Ulema reservations include exclusion of rape from Hadd, powers to the provincial governments to reduce punishment in adultery cases under Clause 5 of Section 20 of the bill, amendments to Qazf Ordinance and another amendment to the Qazf Ordinance in which if a woman voluntarily admits her offence she would remain exempted from Hadd.
....
Those who attended the meeting included Leader of the House in the Senate Wasim Sajjad, PML Secretary General Mushahid Hussain Syed, Federal Ministers Muhammad Ali Durrani and Sheikh Rashid Ahmad, Senator MM Talha, Tabish Alwari, Justice (retd) Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani, Mufti Muneebur Rehman, Qari Muhammad Hanif Jalandhri, Maulana Hassan Jan, Maulana Hafiz Fazlur Rahim, Qazi Niaz Hussain Naqvi, Dr Sarfraz Naeemi, Hafiz Abdul Rasheed Azhar, Maulana Anwarul Haq, Qazi Abdul Rasheed, Maulana Zahoor Ahmad Alwi, Mufti Abdul Rehman, Dr Abdul Razzaq Sikandar, Maulana Azizur Rehman Hazarvi, Maulana Mulazim Hussain, Maulana Nazir Farooqui and Maulana Akhlaq Ahmad.
http://www.dawn.com/news/221796
6 Dec 2006:
Led by Justice (retd) Mufti Mohammed Taqi Usmani, the ulema team included Mufti Munib-ur-Rehman, Maulana Muhammad Hasan Jan, Hanif Jalandhri, Dr Sarfaraz Naimi, Sayed Qazi Niaz Hussain Naqvi and Maulana Abdu Razaq Sikandar.
....
The six objections raised by the ulema delegation are:
1)
Rape (zina bil jabar) has been excluded from hadd, giving powers to the
provincial government to reduce punishment in cases of adultery.
Section 5 of the clause 20 of the Hudood Ordinance has been abolished in
this case.
2)
Amendment has been made to qazaf ordinance which exempts male accused
from taking part in proceedings of false accusation (liaan).
3) Under another amendment to qazaf, a woman stands absolved of punishment even if she admits her offence voluntarily.
4) Under the new act, powers of the court to take up zina cases have been clipped unless complainant produces four witnesses.
5) An accused absolved in a Hadd case is also exempted from punishment under Taazir.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/retrial-for-girl-due-to-hang-for-killing-rapist-431113.html
7 Jan 2007: "Nazanin Fatehi was sentenced to death a year ago, on 3 January 2006, after admitting having stabbed to death one of three men who tried to rape her and a 16-year-old relative. She was 17 at the time. ...
Under Iranian law, self-defence is a valid defence in a murder trial, but its application depends largely on the circumstances. Negar Azmudeh, a Canadian lawyer who has previously spoken out on Ms Fatehi's case, said that the fact that she and her niece were in a park in the evening may have some bearing on whether the defence is considered valid.
Ms Azmudeh cited a case where a woman was prosecuted for injuring her boss as he tried to rape her at work: "Because she had showed up at work on a Friday [a weekend day in Iran] they could not claim 'self-defence' because her presence at the office on a Friday when she knew the boss was there constituted her 'invitation' to be raped...... Under Iranian law, the value of a man's life is twice as great as that of a woman. "A man who had killed a woman could not get the death penalty unless the victim's family paid him a female person's worth of dieh," Ms Azmdeh said. "This way, the victim's life plus the amount of dieh, would be equal to a full person, ie, a man's life.""
http://www.humanrights.asia/news/urgent-appeals/UP-095-2007
http://daily.urdupoint.com/livenews/2007-04-02/news-25908.html
http://www.humanrights.asia/news/urgent-appeals/UA-081-2007
30 Jan 2007:
On 30 January 2007, 15 year-old Miss Asma Shah from Town Layyah in
Punjab province, was allegedly kidnapped by five men from the Imambargah
Pur Sultan (a religious place of the Shia sect of Islam) after she had
attended the Majlis, a gathering that mourns the death of the grand son
of the holy prophet Mohammad (PBUH) of Islam.
The
five alleged perpetrators are Sajjad Hussain, Mohammad Ashraf, Munna
Qasai, Muneer Gujjar and Nasir Hussain Shah. They told the victim that
her mother was calling in order to manipulate her into going with them.
She was taken and held hostage at an unknown place and allegedly raped
by several people throughout that day.
....
It has been allegedly reported that several politicians including Malik Niaz Ahmed Jhakar [PPP-Patriots, PML-Q, and then PTI] (the member of National Assembly), Ajaz Ahmed Achlana [PML-N] (the member of provincial assembly of Punjab province) and Malik Iftekhar Ahmed Jhakar (Chief of Town council, Layyah), each called the victim's family and the Station Head Officer of the Kot Sultan Police, as well as the alleged perpetrators. The politicians then threatened the victim and her father, and then dictated a statement to the police saying that there was no evidence of a gang-rape and that the victim's earlier statement was false.
....
It has been allegedly reported that several politicians including Malik Niaz Ahmed Jhakar [PPP-Patriots, PML-Q, and then PTI] (the member of National Assembly), Ajaz Ahmed Achlana [PML-N] (the member of provincial assembly of Punjab province) and Malik Iftekhar Ahmed Jhakar (Chief of Town council, Layyah), each called the victim's family and the Station Head Officer of the Kot Sultan Police, as well as the alleged perpetrators. The politicians then threatened the victim and her father, and then dictated a statement to the police saying that there was no evidence of a gang-rape and that the victim's earlier statement was false.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/6413397.stm
2 March 2007:
The woman has said in an emotional interview with al-Jazeera TV that she was raped after a wrongful arrest for helping insurgents.
Last week, Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri Maliki ordered an investigation into the allegations, but the three officers under suspicion were cleared.
Mr Maliki, who is himself Shia, also released a copy of a US medical report saying no rape had taken place.
But the New York Times reported that a nurse, speaking on condition of anonymity, said she had treated the woman at a clinic in her neighbourhood of Amil and had seen signs of sexual and physical assault.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/nov/17/saudiarabia.international
17 Nov 2007:
A judge in Saudi Arabia has ordered a victim of gang rape to receive 200 lashes - more than double her original sentence for being alone with a man who was not a relative - after she appealed against the lenient sentences given to the men who attacked her. He also jailed her for six months.
The
21-year-old woman, who was 19 at the time of the attack and is known by
the Saudi media as "the girl from Qatif", was raped 14 times by a gang
of seven. Although her attackers were found guilty and sentenced to
between 10 months and five years last year, she was simultaneously
sentenced to 90 lashes as punishment for riding in a car with a man who
was not a relative.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatif_rape_case
http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/meast/12/17/saudi.rape/
19 Dec 2007: Saudi King Abdullah has pardoned a rape victim who had been sentenced to 200 lashes and six months in prison in a case that sparked international attention, a Saudi newspaper has reported.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatif_rape_case
http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/meast/12/17/saudi.rape/
19 Dec 2007: Saudi King Abdullah has pardoned a rape victim who had been sentenced to 200 lashes and six months in prison in a case that sparked international attention, a Saudi newspaper has reported.
Feb 2008: A teenage boy was arrested recently for the attempted rape of a girl his own age in a school in west Baghdad. He admitted he had chosen the particular girl as his victim "because I knew she was a Sunni and nobody would protect her". The boy was mistaken in his belief that he was beyond the law, mainly because the girl's uncle was a senior officer in the army. But his words explain why Iraq's Sunni minority feel so vulnerable since they lost power to the Shia majority when Saddam Hussein was overthrown five years ago.
https://unama.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/vaw-english_1.pdf
In Paktya province [Afghanistan] in 2008, a seven-year-old girl was sexually abused by a 25-year-old married man, who was a relative of the girl’s father and was eventually arrested. The girl’s family wanted to kill the man, but a shura decided that the perpetrator’s family had to pay the victim’s family money as compensation. It was also decreed that the child victim should marry the rapist when she grew up.
http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2008/1124/p07s01-wome.html
24 Nov 2008: As though recoiling from her own memories, Khalida shrank deeper into her faded armchair with each sentence she told: of how gunmen apparently working for Iraq's Interior Ministry kidnapped her, beat and raped her; of how they discarded her on a Baghdad sidewalk.
But her suffering did not end when she fled Iraq and became a refugee in Jordan's capital, Amman. When Khalida's husband learned that she had been raped, he abandoned her and their two young sons.
Rumors spread fast in Amman; soon, everyone on her block knew that she was without a man in the house. Last month, her Jordanian neighbor barged into her apartment and attempted to rape her.
Khalida never reported the incident.
Khalida never reported the incident.
....
Most crimes against women "are not reported because of stigma, fear of retaliation, or lack of confidence in the police," MADRE, an international women's rights group, wrote in its 2007 report about violence against women in Iraq. Some women, like Khalida, are raped by Iraqi security forces. A 2005 report published by the Iraqi National Association for Human Rights found that women held in Interior Ministry detention centers endure "systematic rape by the investigators."
2009: In 2008, Amnesty International reported that “crimes specifically aimed at women and girls, including rape, have been committed by members of Islamist armed groups, militias, Iraqi government forces, foreign soldiers within the U.S.-led Multinational Force, and staff of foreign private military security contractors.”
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1110208/Family-Afghan-rape-victim-14-carry-forced-honour-abortion-razor-blade-anaesthetic.html
http://www.irinnews.org/news/2009/01/08/butchered-name-honour
8 Jan 2009:
Maryam, 14, was raped by a man in the Yakawlang District of Bamyan Province [Hazarajat], central Afghanistan, five months ago. Her mother and brother used razor blades to cut the girl open, take out the foetus, and bury it alive to hide the disgrace, according to Habiba Surabi, the governor of Bamyan.
Maryam had initially concealed the rape, fearing this could devastate her family and possibly end her own life. But five months later, when it became clear that she was carrying a baby, her family decided to “remedy” the problem.
“The baby was alive when they took it from my body… and buried it as it was crying,” Maryam was quoted in the local media as saying.
The “surgery” was conducted violently, recklessly and without any medical arrangements. “She was butchered like an animal,” said a physician at Yakawlang hospital where the victim was in intensive care.
===================
Shia personal Status Law in Afghanistan (2009)
https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/08/13/afghanistan-law-curbing-womens-rights-takes-effect
13 August 2009: []A copy of the final law seen by Human Rights Watch shows that many regressive articles remain, which strip away women's rights that are enshrined in Afghanistan's constitution. The law gives a husband the right to withdraw basic maintenance from his wife, including food, if she refuses to obey his sexual demands. It grants guardianship of children exclusively to their fathers and grandfathers. It requires women to get permission from their husbands to work. It also effectively allows a rapist to avoid prosecution by paying "blood money" to a girl who was injured when he raped her.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/08/17/AR2009081702364.html
18 Aug 2009:
Yet the law does stipulate financial compensation to be paid by a man who rapes a child or a mentally ill woman, for her loss of virginity, while omitting any reference to a criminal punishment.
===================
http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-101820
17 August 2009:
A hardline Iranian cleric called yesterday for opposition leader Mehdi Karroubi to be lashed over his controversial claims that some election protesters were raped or tortured in custody.
The Iranian authorities have also banned the defeated presidential candidate's reformist newspaper after it printed the allegations of prison abuse, his aides said.
Karroubi has stoked the ire of the authorities with his charges that women and young boys detained in custody after the massive protests over President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's disputed re-election in June had been raped.
"In religious teachings if someone accuses another of sexual crime and he is unable to prove it, then he should receive 80 lashes," hardline cleric Ahmad Khatami was quoted as saying by the Kayhan newspaper.
"Now Mr Karroubi has accused the regime and his allegations were rejected by two branches of the regime," said Khatami, who is a regular leader of Friday prayers in Tehran.
http://persian2english.com/?p=12659
10 July 2010:
According to HRANA,
Elnaz Babazadeh, a 26 year old woman was raped and murdered by Basij
forces in the city of Tabriz (northwestern Iran) last week. According to
the reports, Basij forces stopped Babazadeh in her car for not
following the Iranian regime’s dress code. Elnaz resisted and ignored
orders given by the Basij forces.
Then
the Basij forces who had initially stopped her jumped into her car and
threatened her with a gun. Two other Basij members joined in and all
together they beat and raped her. They murdered Babazadeh and dumped her
body close to Emamiyeh cemetery.
After
local investigation was conducted by HRANA members in Tabriz, it was
confirmed at Babazadeh’s funeral that the person who killed her was the
son of a high-ranking Revolutionary Guards member.
The
intentions of the savage Basij members was to put a stop to the
“improper” way women in society dressed. Basij members believe this is
their duty to God.
Elnaz
Babazadeh’s family filed a complaint against the murder of their
daughter to regime officials, but the IRGC is attempting to take over
the case.
http://www.rferl.org/content/iran_police_cleric_blame_victims_in_isfahan_rapes/24234921.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-13777308
15 June 2011: "Those who were raped were not praiseworthy," said the imam of Khomeinishahr, Musa Salemi, in his Friday sermon.
"Only two out of the 14 were related. They had come to our town to party and provoked the others [the rapists] by their wine drinking and dancing."
His sentiments were echoed in comments made by the town's police commander, Revolutionary Guards Col Hossein Yardoosti.
"I believe the raped women's families are to blame, because if they had proper clothing and if the sound of their music was not so loud, the rapist would not have imagined it as a depraved get-together," he was quoted as saying.
Reports said that he was considering legal action against the rape victims for their behaviour.
The response of the authorities has also been questioned in the university rape case. Fellow students pointed out that the campus is tightly-controlled by security services and suggested that the attack could not have escaped their notice.
As they held a candle-lit vigil to support the rape victim, they made accusations of collusion by guards and a cover-up."
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2011/06/where-rape-only-begins-the-violation.html#ixzz49IihcPs9
22 June 2011: She is a mother of two, with a drug-addicted husband. She was taken from the car she was in with a male companion and dragged into a wheat field. Her companion was beaten to the edge of death. She was beaten and raped with a knife to her throat. She was raped by 50 men.
This is not a scene from a Freddy Krueger movie. This is what happened to Monireh on April 22. The horrific gang rape took place in Ghoojd, a village near the city of Kashmar in Khorasan Razavi province. Located in northeastern Iran, the region is considered one of the country's most religious; the provincial capital, Mashhad, hosts the tomb of Imam Reza, Shiites' Eighth Imam.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nQTTDCromw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-WPrr6pDL4
https://youtu.be/V-WPrr6pDL4?t=1m56s
25 June 2011: "A woman should not report Rape if she has not 4 witness - JI Ameer Munawar Hassan"
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2011/07/the-hejab-hype-and-the-force-of-fear.html
8 July 2011: The gang rapes in Khomeini Shahr and in a village near Kashmar, the rape of an eight-year-old girl in Neiriz -- these are just a few of the stories of sexual violence that have broken in recent weeks. The Islamic Republic has generally maintained a policy of keeping such crimes out of the press on the basis that reporting them reduces their repulsiveness over time, leading to an increase in sexual assaults. Officials employ an additional justification for silence that may seem a bit contradictory -- that airing such cases just serves to scare the public. According to hadith, scaring one of the faithful is a grave sin. As judiciary spokesman Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejei put it recently, "The media must reflect the truth only to the extent that it does not result in the loss of public security and the disruption of the people's peace."
The consequences can be shocking: In 2001, a rapist began kidnapping children in Marvdasht. The police issued no warnings and brought the case to public attention only two years later, after he had already claimed 46 victims. In another example, Isfahan police succeeded in keeping the case of a serial rapist quiet until his arrest, by which time he had raped around 170 teenage girls.
Journalism is a dangerous profession in the Islamic Republic -- indeed, the country ranks alongside China as the top jailer of journalists in the world. No member of the official press wakes up one morning and says, "I think this is a good day for crossing the red lines." Those lines are crystal-clear and the consequence of transgressing them is often an extended stay at a well-known facility -- Evin Prison, known by journalists as "Hotel E."
http://www.dawnnews.tv/news/124064
http://www.urduvoa.com/a/pakistan-council-of-islamic-idealogy/1752912.html
19 Sep 2013:
اسلامی نظریاتی کونسل کے اراکین نے جمعرات کو اسلام آباد میں اپنے مرکزی دفتر میں ایک اجلاس میں طویل مشاورت کے بعد فیصلہ کیا کہ حقوق نسواں کے ترمیمی قانون میں عورتوں سے جنسی زیادتی کو ثابت کرنے کے لیے چارعادل گواہوں کی شرط کو ختم کرنا غیر شرعی ہے جس بنیاد پر انہوں نے اس قانون کو اسلام سے متصادم قرار دیا۔
کونسل کے ممبر امین شہیدی نے وائس آف امریکہ سے گفتگو میں بتایا کہ کونسل کی رائے میں خواتین کے خلاف ایسے واقعات میں ڈی این اے ٹیسٹ کو بھی بنیادی شواہد کے طور پر تسلیم نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔
’’تعلیم کے میدان میں ان کے حقوق پامال ہوتے ہیں اس کا کوئی ذکر نہیں۔ معاشرے میں خواتین کو کام کاج سے متعلق مشکلات کا کوئی ذکر نہیں۔ وراثت سے محروم رکھا جاتا ہےکوئی بات نہیں۔ اگر کوئی بات آئی ہے تو حقوق تحفظ خواتین کے نام پر ان کی جنس کے بارے میں آئی ہے اور وہ یہ کہ وہ زنا میں آزاد ہوں۔‘‘
انہوں نے اس تاثر کو رد کیا کہ صرف چار عینی شاہدین کی گواہی کی بنیاد پر ہی خواتین سے جنسی تشدد ثابت ہو سکتا ہے۔
’’اگر چار گواہ نہیں تو ایسے قرائین و شواہد لائے جا سکتے ہیں جن سے جج کو قائل کیا جائے کہ زیادتی ہوئی ہے۔‘‘
https://twitter.com/JaagAlerts/status/381059322077519872
20 Sep 2013: Mufti Naeem: DNA can not prove difference between rape and adultery
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/957947688078725120
https://twitter.com/SAMRIReports/status/1398555840404234252
http://www.mwmpak.org/departments/2015-04-23-09-40-20/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B0%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B8%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%81-%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%92%D8%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85-%DA%A9%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%92-%D8%B3%DB%92-%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA-%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%81-%DB%81%D9%88-%D8%B1%DB%81%D8%A7-%DB%81%DB%92%D8%8C-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85-%D8%B2%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%81%DB%8C
26 Sep 2013:
وحدت نیوز ( کراچی ) حوا کی بیٹیوں کا استحصال ہمارے معاشرے میں ایک عمومی مسئلہ بن چکا ہے ، آئے روز معصوم بچیوں کے ساتھ ہونے والی مبینہ بد فعلی کی خبروں کے شدت سے نشر ہو نے پر اس قبیح فعل میں اضافہ ہو تا چلا جارہا ہے،ترکی سے درآمد شدہ بیہودہ ڈراموں نے بھارتی فحش چینلز کی جگہ لے لی ہے ، پیمرا اور وزارت اطلاعات و نشریات تمام نجی چینلز کے لئے بیہودگی اور فحاشی کے خلاف ضابطہ اخلاق جا ری کرے ، لاہور کے بعد اب کراچی میں بھی ایک معصوم بچی درندگی کا نشانہ بن گئی ، لیکن مجرم ابھی تک آزاد ہیں۔
ان خیالات کا اظہار مجلس وحدت مسلمین پاکستان شعبہ خواتین سندھ کی سیکریٹری جنرل خانم زہرا نجفی نے میڈیا سیل کو جاری اپنے مذمتی بیان میں کیا ، ان کا کہنا تھا کہ مختلف نجی ٹی وی چینلز کرائم شوز کے نام پر ایسے بیہودہ ڈرامے نشر کر رہے ہیں جو معاشرتی بگاڑ کا باعث بن رہے ہیں ، کراچی اور لاہور میں وحشی درندوں کی بربریت کا نشانہ بننے والی بچیوں کی اس حالت کی ذمہ داری ہمارے حد سے زیادہ آزاد میڈیا پر بھی عائد ہو تی ہے ، بعض چینلز محض ریٹنگ بڑھانے کے لیئے معصوم بچیوں کی عزت کا جنازہ نکالتے رہتے ہیں ، حکومت اور متعلقہ اداروں کو اس حوالے سے سخت قانون سازی کرنی ہو گئی ۔
ان کاکہنا تھا کہ ذرائع ابلاغ معاشرے میں بے راہ روی کو پروان چڑھانے والے پروگرامات سے اجتناب کریں ، اس سے نوجوانوں میں معاشرتی برائیاں جنم لے رہی ہیں اور اس طرح کے پروگرامات دیکھ کر معاشرہ اس برائی کی جانب رغبت حاصل کر رہا ہے ، انہوں نے ذرائع ابلاغ کو مخاطب کر تے ہو ئے کہا کہ ایک اسلامی ریا ست میں میڈیا کی راہ و روش بھی تعلیمات اسلامی کے عین مطابق ہو نی چاہئے ، ایسے پروگرامات نشر کیئے جائیں جو کہ نہ صرف تعمیری ہوں بلکہ اسلامی معاشرے حقیقی عکاس بھی ہوں ۔
http://www.bbc.com/urdu/pakistan/2013/10/131028_ideology_definition_rape_islamic_tk.shtml
29 Oct 2013:
http://www.mwmpak.org/index.php/2015-04-23-09-10-57/2015-04-23-09-38-36/item/4904
http://www.mwmpak.org/index.php/en/2015-04-23-09-10-57/2015-04-23-09-38-36/item/4904-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%92-%D8%B0%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%81-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%92-%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%92-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%92-%DA%A9%DB%92-%DA%A9%D9%84%DA%86%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AA%DB%92-%DB%81%DB%8C%DA%BA%DB%94-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%B9%DB%81
23 Apr 2014:
https://twitter.com/Tavaana/status/470700859035095040
https://twitter.com/Tavaana/status/469885523872346113
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/811880572041789440
https://www.tasnimnews.com/home/Single/375897/
https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1393/02/30/375897/%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C
http://persian2english.com/?p=24998
21 May 2014: Hadi Sharifi, Iranian regime media activist: Men have the right to rape unveiled women.
https://www.tasnimnews.com/home/Single/375897/
https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1393/02/30/375897/%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C
http://observers.france24.com/en/20140528-threat-rape-iran-women-hijabs
28 May 2014:
https://iranwire.com/en/features/391
http://www.rferl.org/a/25408626.html
1 June 2014:
In an interview with RFE/RL, Alinejad dismissed the report as a lie and described those who fabricated the story as "dangerous" individuals. "They have very easily turned a rape scene they created in their imagination into news," Alinejad said. "They didn't even have pity for my son, and they made him a witness of the [fabricated] rape."
On her Facebook page, Alinejad reacted to the report by posting a video of herself singing "in the same London subway" in which -- according to Iranian state TV's "imagination" -- she had been raped.
"If I would sing freely in my own country like I do in London, what you would do to me?" she wrote, adding that there are millions of Iranians like her who long for freedom."Do you ignore them or rape them in your mind?"
.....
Asieh Amini, a well-known Iranian women's-rights activist, tells RFE/RL the smear campaign against Alinejad demonstrates that the "Stealthy Freedom" Facebook page has struck a nerve.
The Norway-based Amini added that the state television report encourages violence against women.
"The establishment is trying to humiliate her femininity and promote the idea that she deserves to be raped," Amini says. "It is trying to belittle her."
https://twitter.com/IranWireEnglish/status/824084420160290819
https://iranwire.com/en/features/691
4 Nov 2014: A moving and shocking story of what can often happens to rape victims in Iran - and why they don't report it
https://twitter.com/SumairaJajja/status/543068407491330048
https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1013615
11 Dec 2014: A rape victim in Gujranwala marries the rapist
https://iranwire.com/en/features/453
http://islamtimes.org/ur/doc/news/453650/
11 Apr 2015:
اسلام ٹائمز۔ اہلبیت اسمبلی ہندوستان اور مجلس علماء ہند کے باہمی اشتراک سے دفتر مجلس علماء ہند غفرانمآب چوک میں ”عصر حاضر میں سیرت فاطمہ زہرا ؑ کی اہمیت“ کے موضوع پر ایک سمپوزیم کا انعقاد ہوا۔ افتتاحی تقریر میں ڈاکٹر تقی علی عابدی صدر شعبہ علوم مشرقیات لکھنو یونیورسٹی نے کہا کہ عورت کے وجود کو قرآن نے مرد کے لئے وجہ سکون قرار دیا ہے۔ قرآن نے سکون کا لفظ رکھ کر اسکے مفہوم کو وسیع کردیا ہے، عورت اگر چاہے تو زندگی کو عذاب بناسکتی ہے اور عورت ہی سماج و معاشرہ کو سکون سے ہمکنار کرسکتی ہے۔ زوجہ اگر شوہر کے ساتھ تعاون کرے اور شوہر زوجہ کے ساتھ اسکی مشکلات میں معاونت کرے تو زندگی میں سکون ہوگا اور اگر یہ تعاون خود غرضی، انانیت اور فریب کا شکار ہوگیا تو زندگی عذاب بن جاتی ہے۔ ڈاکٹر تقی علی عابدی نے مزید کہا کہ دہلی یا ہندوستان اور دنیا بھر میں جتنے بھی زنا بالجبر کے حادثات رونما ہوتے آرہے ہیں انکا ایک سبب عریانیت بھی ہے، آج عورت اپنی آزادی کے نام پر صرف عریانیت کی طلبگار ہے دیگر حقوق جزوی طور پر سامنے آتے ہیں۔ کیا کم کپڑے پہن کر، ہیجان انگیز ماحول میں ترقی ممکن ہے۔ سماج نے عورت کو فریب دیا ہے اور و ہ اس دام فریب میں الجھ گئی۔
http://en.iranwire.com/features/7254/
19 May 2016: On Sunday, May 1, a local newspaper in Zanjan Province announced that a 9-year-old girl had been sexually assaulted over the course of several months by her teacher. According to the paper, Mardom-e No, the girl told her family that she had been sexually assaulted at her school in the village of Ghareh-Mohammad. Her family reported the teacher to the police. But a court, arguing that a forensic report did not prove that sexual penetration had taken place, changed the rape charge to “illicit sexual relations” and released the teacher on bail. The man’s release and the reduced charge caused widespread protests.
https://www.memri.org/tv/saudi-historian-al-saadoon-women-share-responsibility-if-raped-foreign-taxi-drivers
https://www.memri.org/tv/saudi-historian-al-saadoon-women-share-responsibility-if-raped-foreign-taxi-drivers/transcript
21 Feb 2015: Saudi Historian Al-Saadoon: Women Share Responsibility If Raped by Foreign Taxi Drivers
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-33023247
29 June 2015:
https://iranwire.com/fa/features/3385
16 Feb 2016:
«یکی از موکلانم، دختر
۱۷
ساله ای بود که در سن
۱۵
ساگی
در راه مدرسه توسط چندین پسر نوجوان ربوده و به خانه ای در خارج از شهر انتقال داده شده بود. او را چند روز مورد تجاوز گروهی قرار داده بودند.
دختر پس از چند روز بالاخره موفق به فرار می شود. پس از مدتی هم گروگان گیرها توسط بسیج محل دستگیر شده و در پایگاه بسیج به تجاوز گروهی اعتراف می کنند. اما در دادگاه با این ادعا که در بسیج از آن ها به زور اعتراف گرفته شده بود، اتهام تجاوز گروهی را انکار کرده و می گویند دختر با میل خود با آن ها رابطه جنسی برقرار کرده بود.
در نهایت، متهمان توانستند در دادگاه اتهام خود را از اتهام تجاوز گروهی به زنای غیرمحصنه تغییر دهند. عجیب تر آن که قربانی تجاوز دسته جمعی در یک مرحله حتی به تحمل ضربات شلاق به اتهام زنا غیرمحصنه محکوم شد. اما در نهایت قاضی، دختر را از اتهام زنا تبرئه کرد و پسران تنها به پرداخت "ارش البکاره" (دیه برای از بین بردن بکارت قربانی) محکوم شدند.»
"One of my clients, 18year old girl, when she was 15, On the way to school she was kidnapped by several teenage boys and taken to a house outside the city. She had been raped for several days.
The girl finally manages to escape after a few days. After some time, the hostages are arrested by the local Basij and confess to a gang rape at the Basij base. But in the court, they claimed they had been forcibly confessed by Basij, denied accusations of rape and said the girl had sex with them on her own desire.
Eventually, the defendants were able in the court from to change the charges of being involved in the gang rape of a modest girls. Strangely enough, the victim of rape at one stage was even convicted of lashes on charge of fornication. But the judge eventually acquitted the girl of charges of fornication, and the boys were only sentenced to pay "Arash al-Baker" (Diyat for removing the victim's virginity)."
وی در این مورد، به یکی از پرونده هایش اشاره می کند: «یکی از بازنشستگان سپاه در یکی از کلان شهرهای ایران موسسه خیریه ای تاسیس می کند. بعد از مدتی از طرف کمیته امداد، خانمی که برای درمان به پول نیاز داشته است (موکلم) به این فرد مراجعه می کند. این فرد به این خانم می گوید که اگر وی نیازهای جنسی وی را ارضا کند، پول درمانش را پرداخت خواهد کرد. او حتی چکی هم برای وی صادر و آن طور که ادعا می کند، صیغه عقد موقت را هم جاری می سازد. بعد از اندکی مشخص می شود آن زن متاهل بوده است. زن به زنای محصنه محکوم می شود و مرد با این ادعا که از متاهل بودن زن خبر نداشته و وی را صیغه کرده بود، از مجازات تبرئه می شود. در این حالت، هر چند تجاوز به صورت آشکار آن رخ نداده اما زن تحت شرایط، به نوعی مجبور به انجام عمل جنسی شده و در حقیقت تجاوز پنهان رخ داده است. اما متاسفانه این گونه تجاوزها در قوانین ما جرم انگاری نشده اند در حالی که در کشورهای دارای سیستم های قضایی مدرن، این گونه موارد نیز جرم انگاری شده اند.»
In this case, he cites one of his cases: "One of the retirees of the Revolutionary Guards establishes a charity in one of the big cities of Iran. After a while from the Relief Committee, a woman who needed money for treatment (a client) comes to her. This person tells the woman that if she meets her sexual needs, she will pay for her treatment. He even issues a check for him and, as he claims, makes a temporary marriage contract. After a while it becomes clear that the woman was married. The woman is sentenced to adultery, and the man is acquitted of the punishment by claiming she was unaware that she was married and had raped her. In this case, although the rape did not occur explicitly, the woman under some circumstances was forced to have sex and in fact the rape occurred. "Unfortunately, such violations have not been criminalized in our laws, while in countries with modern judicial systems, such cases have also been criminalized."
https://www.iranhumanrights.org/2016/05/sexual-abuse-a-nine-years-old-girl/
9 May 2016:
The family of a nine-year-old girl from a village in northwestern Iran has vowed to pursue legal action against the well-connected male teacher who sexually molested her.
Despite evidence confirmed by the Medical Examiner that the child had been sexually molested by her 30-year-old teacher, the court refused to issue a verdict of rape, opting instead for the lesser charge of “illegitimate relations.”
....
Poor Family vs. Influential Teacher
Neda’s father is a seasonal worker with six children who is unable to financially support the family’s basic needs, her relative told the Campaign. She hated school and had to be chased with a stick to leave home every morning to get to class on time.
“The court did not listen to us. We live in a poor area. We are not in a good financial situation. But the teacher is rich,” the relative told the Campaign.
“One of his brothers is the head of the Ansar Khodabandeh Bank and another brother is a member of the Revolutionary Guards. They even sent a mediator and said they would pay us 60 million tomans ($20,000 USD) and give us a car [to drop the charges],” said the relative.
http://www.rferl.org/a/27773093.html
3 June 2016: A prominent Iranian human rights lawyer and women's rights activist has created a controversy by posting a picture on social media that shows her sitting on a chair with Islamic motifs while holding a glass of wine.
http://english.astroawani.com/world-news/vaseline-man-hanged-over-rape-dozens-women-shiraz-iran-107368
=============
Rape in Iranshar (Sistan-Balochistan)
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-rape-cases-baluchistan-stir-controversy/29301947.html
https://iranwire.com/en/features/5384
https://twitter.com/united4iran/status/1011632532062900225
26 Jun 2018: The judiciary has arrested the brother of #Baloch human rights activist Abdollah Bozorgzadeh who published news about a rape case in #Iranshahr. Detaining family members of suspects are common practice in Sistan&Baluchestan Province.
https://iranwire.com/en/features/5381
================
https://www.islamtimes.org/ur/news/758020
28 Oct 2018:
علماء کے مطابق ملک میں زیادتی کے واقعات کی بڑی وجہ فحش فلمیں، ڈرامے اور دیگر میڈیا ہے۔ ممتاز عالم دین علامہ محمد رضا عابدی کہتے ہیں کہ حکومت اگر فحش فلموں پر پابندی عائد کر دے تو بھی معاشرے میں ایسے واقعات کم ہو سکتے ہیں۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ دنیا کے بہت سے ممالک میں فحش فلموں پر پابندی ہے، انٹرنیٹ کے ذریعے بھی ایسا مواد اوپن نہیں کیا جا سکتا مگر پاکستان میں انٹرنیٹ پر ہر قسم کی ٹریفک جاری و ساری ہے، کوئی چیک اینڈ بیلنس نہیں۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ علماء کی ذمہ داری ہے کہ وہ نوجوانوں کی اخلاقی تربیت کریں، مساجد میں ایسا ماحول بنایا جائے جس میں نوجوان دین کی جانب راغب ہوں بدقسمتی سے ماضی میں مساجد میں ایسا ماحول پیدا کیا گیا اور تکفیریت کو فروغ دیا گیا، مذہبی منافرت کو ہوا دی گئی جس سے نوجوان متنفر ہو گئے۔
============
Rape as punishment
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/798209021073309696
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=O5rs8UkMj64C&pg=PA2306&lpg=PA2306#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://tribune.com.pk/story/605325/tharparkar-ssps-probe-police-confirm-thar-gang-rape-was-an-act-of-vengeance/
http://tribune.com.pk/story/603282/of-three-thari-women-revenge-and-a-cell-phone/
=============
Pre-execution rape of virgin girls in Iran
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-p50Hchnh70
"In this groundbreaking production victims and witnesses recall experiences involving rape of virgin girls prior to execution and sexual torture at the hands of Islamic Republic prison authorities since 1979. "
http://www.aljadid.com/content/caskets-and-rape-prison-irans-islamic-republic-review-chahla-chafiqs-new-islamist-man-politi#sthash.k3rjvcAB.dpuf
"A woman's rape is frequently the last act that precedes her execution. This is explained by the rule in Iranian political prisons that the sentence of execution cannot be carried out if the woman is a virgin. Since there is a theological belief that if a woman dies a virgin she will go to heaven, the politically active virgin is forced to "marry" before her execution and thus to insure she will go to hell. She is forced to "marry" the hangman who will carry out her execution.. This marriage is conducted as a legitimate and official contract which includes, among other things, an estimated dowry. This "dowry" is subsequently paid to the family of the victim; it simultaneously becomes the equivalent of an official notification that she was executed."
http://justice4iran.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/CWP-2th-EN.pdf
http://www.wluml.org/news/iran-stop-further-denials-rape-virgin-girls-prior-execution
"In another section of the response which is widely disseminated through official and semi-official media in Iran, reference has been made to the memoirs of Ayotollah Montazeri, the former successor to Ayotollah Khomeini: “when the subject of executions was discussed, I objected that in prisons women were also being executed. Executing women in Islam is discouraged and virgins cannot be executed. The Imam confirmed by saying ‘tell the official to not execute girl.’ Then some claimed Montazeri has said ‘do not execute girls but perform temporary marriage first and then execute them.’”
https://iranwire.com/en/features/172
http://en.iranwire.com/features/3648/
5 Oct 2014: Justice For Iran has published a report on the organised rape of virgin girls awaiting execution in Iranian prisons, focusing specifically on the 1980s. According to the report, “In a six-month period between June 20, 1981 and 21 December of the same year, at least 2,241 people were executed, of which 223 were women.” It goes on to say: “ Of these women, 34 or about 15% were under 18 years old, while 120, close to 54%, were between 18 and 29.”
...
Reynaldo Galindo Pohl, the United Nation’s special envoy for investigating human rights in Iran, reported that prison officials presented marriage documents to the families of young female members of People’s Mojahedin Organisation. This suggests that these women were, in most cases, raped before execution.
....
The United Nations has now, for the first time, recognised that virgin women and girls were raped in Iranian prisons before being executed during the 1980s. Shadi Sadr believes that families of the victims must also use other UN mechanisms, such as special reports, to confront the Islamic Republic, which must be held accountable in a public and official arena.
https://en.iranwire.com/features/3648/
The evidence presented and documented by the Justice in Iran report includes the following testimonies:
“Some prisoners who were provided a ballpoint pen to write their will used it to write on their own clothing or body that they had been raped.” (Elaheh Deknama, prisoner in Shiraz, and Sima Mottalebi, prisoner in Mashhad)
“Some families saw the signs of rape on the bodies of their executed daughters.” (Mahnaz Yousefzadeh)
“In some other cases, a member of the Revolutionary Guards came to the family’s door and offered them a symbolic dowry: A box of candies” (Shaheen Sami in the port of Anzali, Mitra and Mandana Mojaverian in Mashhad) “or a few ceremonial coins” (Fariba Ahmadi, prisoner in Isfahan).
....
When Mehdi Karroubi, speaker of the parliament, asked President Rafsanjani to investigate accusations of prison rapes, Majid Ansari, then (and now again) vice president for parliamentary affairs, told the Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) that “unfortunately they are true and…one should wish for death that the Islamic Republic has reached a point where such scandals are possible…It happened not once, but many times.”
We asked Shadi Sadr if Justice For Iran can estimate how many women were raped before execution. She said this was impossible: “No human rights group can give you statistics or even an estimate without getting access to the archives of Revolutionary Courts and conducting interviews with the officials responsible for running the courts at the time. Moreover, none of the victims of such tortures are alive to give testimony.”
The number of girls or women who were raped in prison is also not known. Though many victims of sexual torture, including rape, survived the ordeal, putting a number on it is a formidable challenge for a variety of reasons. The most important of them is the high number people in prison during the 1980s.
Despite this, Justice for Iran’s investigations prove that this practice was used regularly and systematically, at least for a period of time and especially in prisons in Mashhad, Shiraz and Rasht.
According to Sadr, the proof lies in testimonies from numerous female political prisoners and the families of victims who received a sort of “dowry” from Revolutionary Guards. The memoirs of Ayatollah Montazeri also provide evidence, as do religious texts used at the time to support the practice.
===========
Rape as tactic of repression in Syria
http://www.lse.ac.uk/WomenPeaceSecurity/pdf/2017/wps3Forestier.pdf
https://www.newsdeeply.com/syria/community/2017/03/14/sexual-violence-used-as-tactic-of-repression-in-syria-report
In a new report for the London School of Economics’ Centre for Women, Peace and Security, journalist Marie Forestier has documented the patterns of sexual violence against women by pro-government forces in Syria between 2011-2014.
Based on more than 70 interviews with 20 survivors of rape, former detainees in government prisons, doctors, lawyers and defectors from the government security apparatus, the findings point to a systematic use of rape by Syrian authorities to repress women perceived to be allied to the opposition, Forestier told Syria Deeply.
...In the vast majority of people I interviewed, pro-government forces targeted women who were perceived to be associated with the opposition. Being a relief worker or having a picture of the Syrian opposition’s flag on a phone was enough to be considered as such – or even being a relative of an activist or a member of an armed group. Women who were not involved in any kind of political activity but who lived in opposition neighborhoods were also considered pro-opposition.
... Rapes occurred during offensives on opposition strongholds, in between interrogations in prison and at checkpoints. From my research, sexual crimes appeared to have been more frequent in coastal areas and the central provinces of Homs and Hama.
http://www.mwmpak.org/departments/2015-04-23-09-40-20/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D8%B0%D9%85%DB%81-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B8%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%81-%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%92%D8%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85-%DA%A9%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AF%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%92-%D8%B3%DB%92-%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA-%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%81-%DB%81%D9%88-%D8%B1%DB%81%D8%A7-%DB%81%DB%92%D8%8C-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85-%D8%B2%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%81%DB%8C
26 Sep 2013:
وحدت نیوز ( کراچی ) حوا کی بیٹیوں کا استحصال ہمارے معاشرے میں ایک عمومی مسئلہ بن چکا ہے ، آئے روز معصوم بچیوں کے ساتھ ہونے والی مبینہ بد فعلی کی خبروں کے شدت سے نشر ہو نے پر اس قبیح فعل میں اضافہ ہو تا چلا جارہا ہے،ترکی سے درآمد شدہ بیہودہ ڈراموں نے بھارتی فحش چینلز کی جگہ لے لی ہے ، پیمرا اور وزارت اطلاعات و نشریات تمام نجی چینلز کے لئے بیہودگی اور فحاشی کے خلاف ضابطہ اخلاق جا ری کرے ، لاہور کے بعد اب کراچی میں بھی ایک معصوم بچی درندگی کا نشانہ بن گئی ، لیکن مجرم ابھی تک آزاد ہیں۔
ان خیالات کا اظہار مجلس وحدت مسلمین پاکستان شعبہ خواتین سندھ کی سیکریٹری جنرل خانم زہرا نجفی نے میڈیا سیل کو جاری اپنے مذمتی بیان میں کیا ، ان کا کہنا تھا کہ مختلف نجی ٹی وی چینلز کرائم شوز کے نام پر ایسے بیہودہ ڈرامے نشر کر رہے ہیں جو معاشرتی بگاڑ کا باعث بن رہے ہیں ، کراچی اور لاہور میں وحشی درندوں کی بربریت کا نشانہ بننے والی بچیوں کی اس حالت کی ذمہ داری ہمارے حد سے زیادہ آزاد میڈیا پر بھی عائد ہو تی ہے ، بعض چینلز محض ریٹنگ بڑھانے کے لیئے معصوم بچیوں کی عزت کا جنازہ نکالتے رہتے ہیں ، حکومت اور متعلقہ اداروں کو اس حوالے سے سخت قانون سازی کرنی ہو گئی ۔
ان کاکہنا تھا کہ ذرائع ابلاغ معاشرے میں بے راہ روی کو پروان چڑھانے والے پروگرامات سے اجتناب کریں ، اس سے نوجوانوں میں معاشرتی برائیاں جنم لے رہی ہیں اور اس طرح کے پروگرامات دیکھ کر معاشرہ اس برائی کی جانب رغبت حاصل کر رہا ہے ، انہوں نے ذرائع ابلاغ کو مخاطب کر تے ہو ئے کہا کہ ایک اسلامی ریا ست میں میڈیا کی راہ و روش بھی تعلیمات اسلامی کے عین مطابق ہو نی چاہئے ، ایسے پروگرامات نشر کیئے جائیں جو کہ نہ صرف تعمیری ہوں بلکہ اسلامی معاشرے حقیقی عکاس بھی ہوں ۔
http://www.bbc.com/urdu/pakistan/2013/10/131028_ideology_definition_rape_islamic_tk.shtml
29 Oct 2013:
ویمنز
پروٹیکشن ایکٹ کے خلاف اسلامی نظریاتی کونسل نے اپنے ستمبر کے اجلاس میں
اعتراضات کیے۔ جب میں نے مولانا شیرانی سے پوچھا کہ قانون متعارف ہونے کے
بعد اتنے سال گزر گئے ہیں تو اب اعتراض کیوں؟ تو انھوں نے گول مول جواب
دیا۔
تاہم،
مولانا صاحب نے اپنے اوپر کیے گئے اعتراضات کی بڑی لمبی وضاحت پیش کی کہ
’مغربی جمہوریت کی بنیاد فرد کی آزادی پر ہے اور اس میں زنا بذاتِ خود
سنگین جرم نہیں ہے۔‘
اس پر میں نے جب پوچھا کہ آپ کی نظر میں کونسا زیادہ بڑا جرم ہے ’ریپ یا زنا۔‘
تو بھولے پن میں انہوں نے کہا: ’ریپ؟ یہ تو انگریزی کا لفظ ہے، میں اس کو نہیں جانتا۔‘
جواب نہ ملنے پر میں نے پھر پوچھا۔ انہوں نے جواب دیا۔ ’بڑا جرم تو زنا ہے۔ زنا الگ جرم ہے، جبر الگ جرم ہے۔‘
ڈاکٹر
خالد مسعود نے ریپ کی تعریف پر مضمون لکھا ہے جس میں وہ کہتے ہیں ’ممکن ہے
کہ سنہ 1979 کے حدود آرڈنینس کو اسلامی نظریاتی کونسل نے تحریر کیا ہو۔ اس
میں ریپ کے لیے زنا بالجبر کا لفظ استعمال کیا گیا ہے جبکہ یہ لفظ نہ
قرآن، نہ حدیث اور نہ ہی فقہ میں پایا جاتا ہے۔ ان کا دعویٰ ہے کہ یہ لفظ
اس لیے ایجاد کیا گیا تھا تاکہ کہا جا سکے کہ ’زنا اور زنا بالجبر میں کوئی
فرق نہیں ہے۔‘
http://www.mwmpak.org/index.php/2015-04-23-09-10-57/2015-04-23-09-38-36/item/4904
http://www.mwmpak.org/index.php/en/2015-04-23-09-10-57/2015-04-23-09-38-36/item/4904-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%92-%D8%B0%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%81-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%92-%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%DB%92-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE-%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%92-%DA%A9%DB%92-%DA%A9%D9%84%DA%86%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AA%DB%92-%DB%81%DB%8C%DA%BA%DB%94-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86-%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%B9%DB%81
23 Apr 2014:
اس چوتھی اجتماعی شادی کے پروقار تقریب سے خطاب میں ایم ڈبلیو ایم کے مرکزی رہنما علامہ سیدہاشم موسوی نے کہاکہ ہم اجتماعی شادی کے ذریعہ معاشرے میں سادگی کے ساتھ شادی کرنے کے کلچرکوفروغ دیناچاہتے ہیں۔اورشادی کی راہ میں حائل غیرضروری رسم و رواج کی سختی سے مذمت کرتے ہیں۔ انہوں نے نوجوانوں پرزوردیاکہ وہ بروقت اورسادہ شادی کرکے اللہ کے نبی حضرت محمدمصطفیٰ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کی سنت کوعام کریں۔
اُن کا کہناتھاکہ آج کے دورمیں معاشرے میں رونماہونے والے معصوم بچیوں کے ساتھ زناء جیسے غیراخلاقی واقعات اور معاشرے میں پھیلے ہوئے بے راہ روی کی وجوہات میں سے ایک وجہ بروقت شادی نہ کرنااورشادیوں کے دوران غیرضروری،غیراسلامی اوربھاری جہیزجیسی لعنت اوررسم و رواج کی انجادہی ہے۔جن کی وجہ سے غریب والدین کے لئے بیٹوں بیٹیوں کی شادی ایک خواب بن چکاہے۔
https://twitter.com/Tavaana/status/470700859035095040
https://twitter.com/Tavaana/status/469885523872346113
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/811880572041789440
https://www.tasnimnews.com/home/Single/375897/
https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1393/02/30/375897/%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C
http://persian2english.com/?p=24998
21 May 2014: Hadi Sharifi, Iranian regime media activist: Men have the right to rape unveiled women.
https://www.tasnimnews.com/home/Single/375897/
https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1393/02/30/375897/%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C
http://observers.france24.com/en/20140528-threat-rape-iran-women-hijabs
28 May 2014:
Our
Observers in Iran tell us that a disturbing photo of a mutilated woman
has been widely circulated via text message, accompanied by threats of
rape for women who do not wear headscarves and conservative clothing.
This comes at a time when an increasing number of Iranian women are
pushing back against the Islamic Republic’s compulsory dress code.
....
Beyond the disturbing photo, a controversy erupted several weeks ago after a Google+ user wrote a post arguing
that men who rape women that don’t wear hijabs should not be
prosecuted. The post was widely circulated, and garnered plenty of
backlash on social media. However, the Tasnim News Agency, a hardliner
media that is affiliated with the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, decided
to throw its weight behind this suggestion by publishing an editorial arguing that “men have the right to have sexual relations with women who dress inappropriately, without the woman’s consent”.
https://iranwire.com/en/features/391
1 June 2014: With her "My Stealthy Freedom”
Facebook page, Iranian journalist Masih Alinejad got under the skin of
the Islamic Republic. The journalist, who is currently based in London,
encouraged women in Iran to post photographs of
themselves not wearing headscarves. The page has attracted close to
450,000 “likes” and commanded considerable international attention.
Over the weekend of May 31-June 1, Iranian state television reported that
Alinejad had been assaulted and raped in London in the presence of her
son. Two days later, Vahid Yaminpour, a hardliner commentator and TV
personality called Masih a “whore who should not be elevated to the
level of a heretic.”
http://www.rferl.org/a/25408626.html
1 June 2014:
In an interview with RFE/RL, Alinejad dismissed the report as a lie and described those who fabricated the story as "dangerous" individuals. "They have very easily turned a rape scene they created in their imagination into news," Alinejad said. "They didn't even have pity for my son, and they made him a witness of the [fabricated] rape."
On her Facebook page, Alinejad reacted to the report by posting a video of herself singing "in the same London subway" in which -- according to Iranian state TV's "imagination" -- she had been raped.
"If I would sing freely in my own country like I do in London, what you would do to me?" she wrote, adding that there are millions of Iranians like her who long for freedom."Do you ignore them or rape them in your mind?"
.....
Asieh Amini, a well-known Iranian women's-rights activist, tells RFE/RL the smear campaign against Alinejad demonstrates that the "Stealthy Freedom" Facebook page has struck a nerve.
The Norway-based Amini added that the state television report encourages violence against women.
"The establishment is trying to humiliate her femininity and promote the idea that she deserves to be raped," Amini says. "It is trying to belittle her."
https://twitter.com/IranWireEnglish/status/824084420160290819
https://iranwire.com/en/features/691
4 Nov 2014: A moving and shocking story of what can often happens to rape victims in Iran - and why they don't report it
https://twitter.com/SumairaJajja/status/543068407491330048
https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1013615
11 Dec 2014: A rape victim in Gujranwala marries the rapist
https://iranwire.com/en/features/453
2 April 2015:The
report also refers to the rise of the average age of marriage in Iran,
27 for men, 22 for women, as a crisis. It concludes with this alarmed
point: "Marriage is becoming more and more difficult and if we don’t
find an alternative for that, people would satisfy their sexual urges in
other ways including masturbation, homosexuality, adultery and rape.
The solution to all these sexual irregularities is temporary marriage."
http://islamtimes.org/ur/doc/news/453650/
11 Apr 2015:
اسلام ٹائمز۔ اہلبیت اسمبلی ہندوستان اور مجلس علماء ہند کے باہمی اشتراک سے دفتر مجلس علماء ہند غفرانمآب چوک میں ”عصر حاضر میں سیرت فاطمہ زہرا ؑ کی اہمیت“ کے موضوع پر ایک سمپوزیم کا انعقاد ہوا۔ افتتاحی تقریر میں ڈاکٹر تقی علی عابدی صدر شعبہ علوم مشرقیات لکھنو یونیورسٹی نے کہا کہ عورت کے وجود کو قرآن نے مرد کے لئے وجہ سکون قرار دیا ہے۔ قرآن نے سکون کا لفظ رکھ کر اسکے مفہوم کو وسیع کردیا ہے، عورت اگر چاہے تو زندگی کو عذاب بناسکتی ہے اور عورت ہی سماج و معاشرہ کو سکون سے ہمکنار کرسکتی ہے۔ زوجہ اگر شوہر کے ساتھ تعاون کرے اور شوہر زوجہ کے ساتھ اسکی مشکلات میں معاونت کرے تو زندگی میں سکون ہوگا اور اگر یہ تعاون خود غرضی، انانیت اور فریب کا شکار ہوگیا تو زندگی عذاب بن جاتی ہے۔ ڈاکٹر تقی علی عابدی نے مزید کہا کہ دہلی یا ہندوستان اور دنیا بھر میں جتنے بھی زنا بالجبر کے حادثات رونما ہوتے آرہے ہیں انکا ایک سبب عریانیت بھی ہے، آج عورت اپنی آزادی کے نام پر صرف عریانیت کی طلبگار ہے دیگر حقوق جزوی طور پر سامنے آتے ہیں۔ کیا کم کپڑے پہن کر، ہیجان انگیز ماحول میں ترقی ممکن ہے۔ سماج نے عورت کو فریب دیا ہے اور و ہ اس دام فریب میں الجھ گئی۔
http://en.iranwire.com/features/7254/
19 May 2016: On Sunday, May 1, a local newspaper in Zanjan Province announced that a 9-year-old girl had been sexually assaulted over the course of several months by her teacher. According to the paper, Mardom-e No, the girl told her family that she had been sexually assaulted at her school in the village of Ghareh-Mohammad. Her family reported the teacher to the police. But a court, arguing that a forensic report did not prove that sexual penetration had taken place, changed the rape charge to “illicit sexual relations” and released the teacher on bail. The man’s release and the reduced charge caused widespread protests.
Leila Alikarami, a lawyer and human rights activist based in London,
says the court’s decision to reduce the charge from “forced zena,” or
rape, to “illicit sexual relationship” results from the lack of
distinction the law makes between “zena” [sexual intercourse between a
man and a woman who are not married to each other] and rape under Iran’s
Penal Code. “The problem,” she says, “is that when intercourse does not
occur or is not proved, the act is no longer categorized under “zena.”
Rather, it would be categorized under Article 637 of the Penal Code,
which states, “Any man and woman who are not married and who commit a
crime against public morality, excluding adultery, should be sentenced
to a flogging of 99 lashes.”
Referring to the forensic report in the case of the teacher, Alikarami says, “In this case, since the forensic report did not confirm that penetration had occurred, the case was prosecuted under the charge of “illicit sexual relations.” Under the Penal Code, the charge of “forced zena,” or rape, can only be pressed if penetration occurred. If penetration is proved, the offender would be executed, but if penetration cannot be proved, the case can only be considered under the charge of “illicit sexual relations.” In this case, if coercion is proved, the victim would not face any punishments, but if coercion is not proved, the victim will also be charged with illicit sexual relations.”
Alikarami mentions another case, in which a 17-year-old girl named Leila Mafi was sentenced to death in May 2004 under the charge of “zena with blood relatives who are prohibited to marry,” or incest. Her brothers had repeatedly raped her since she was ten. During her trial, the Mafi frequently used the term “rape” to refer to what her brothers did to her, but her brothers denied penetration. They were sentenced to 74 lashes under the charge of “acts against chastity,” but, since the victim did confess to penetration -- when she confessed to being raped and could not prove coercion -- she was sentenced to death.”
“In these cases,” Alikarami says, “the court places great importance on the prior relationship between the accused and the victim.” Victims, she says, are questioned minutely about how many times they visited the accused’s home and why, how and why the relationship began, how many conversations the victim had with the accused, why the victim, if taken by force, didn’t scream for help or run away.
“In some cases,” Alikarami says, “the mere fact that the accused and the victim were friends prior to the rape, or that the victim was not witnessed shouting for help during the rape, are constructed as the victim's consent to sex. The accused is then acquitted of the charge of rape, and the victim and the accused are both charged with illicit sexual relations.” Alikarami says research shows that the majority of rape charges result in acquittal. In such situations, the case is often later referred to a Court of Common Pleas for a trial based on charges of “acts against chastity.”
Iranian lawyer Musa Barzin Khalifeloo, who is based in Turkey, says the law is deficient. “To prove ‘zena,’ The Penal Code requires the testimony of four ‘just men,’ or in some cases the testimony of three men and two women, or two men and four women, or four repeated confessions from the accused. This, he says, makes convictions for rape almost impossible, as in the case of the 9-year-old girl in Zanjan Province.
“It is unlikely that the teacher would confess against himself,” Khalifeloo says, “and the forensic report is not valid on its own. Hence, it is very likely that the teacher would be charged for an “illicit sexual relationship” since the girl is under 18, and the court has to act based on the Law on Protection of Children and the Youth as well as the Islamic Penal Code.”
The Law on the Protection of Children and the Youth was enacted on December 16, 2002, following a campaign by human rights lawyer and later Nobel Peace Laureate Shirin Ebadi and the Center for Supporting the Rights of the Child, which she headed. It places all children under the age of 18 under its protection. According to Article 5 of the law, all crimes committed against children under 18 are considered “public” crimes and the prosecutor is obliged to make a complaint about such a crime. Prior to the enactment of this law, many crimes against children under 18 were never prosecuted. In these cases, the expected plaintiff – who would usually be the child’s father – would often not report a crime if the accused was a family member. Now, even if the father does not make a complaint, the prosecutor is obliged to press charges on the child’s behalf.
Many legal experts also criticize Iran for not taking the victim’s age adequately into account. London-based lawyer Mehri Jafari is one of them. Comparing the laws of England and Wales with Iranian law, she says, “Here, any kind of sexual relationship between an adult and a child under the age of 18 is forbidden since it is axiomatic that a child under the age of 16 cannot give a genuine consent. Sexual relations between an adult and a person who is between 16 and 18 years of age is accepted under the law, but if there is any doubt, it must be proved that the younger person has given their consent.” In England and Wales, she says, a person who holds a position of trust, such as a teacher or a social worker, is under no circumstances allowed to have sexual relations with anyone below the age of 18. But in Iran, there are no such requirements for a person who holds a position of trust.
Hossein Raisi, an Iranian lawyer and human rights activist based in Canada, also criticizes Iran’s Penal Code. He says the code only criminalizes explicit coercion and does not take a victim’s reluctance into consideration. “The Islamic Penal Code only penalizes rape by physical force and does not take into consideration instances where the abuser has dominance over his victim. In those circumstances, the victim can be implicitly forced into abiding by the abuser’s demands.” In Iran, he says, many of his clients had sex with an abuser who threatened to publish their private pictures online or show them to their fathers. In other cases, the abuser had promised to marry them. “The Penal Code does not take deception into account unless the victim is under the age of criminal responsibility, he says.
In Iran, the age of criminal responsibility for girls is 9.
Referring to the forensic report in the case of the teacher, Alikarami says, “In this case, since the forensic report did not confirm that penetration had occurred, the case was prosecuted under the charge of “illicit sexual relations.” Under the Penal Code, the charge of “forced zena,” or rape, can only be pressed if penetration occurred. If penetration is proved, the offender would be executed, but if penetration cannot be proved, the case can only be considered under the charge of “illicit sexual relations.” In this case, if coercion is proved, the victim would not face any punishments, but if coercion is not proved, the victim will also be charged with illicit sexual relations.”
Alikarami mentions another case, in which a 17-year-old girl named Leila Mafi was sentenced to death in May 2004 under the charge of “zena with blood relatives who are prohibited to marry,” or incest. Her brothers had repeatedly raped her since she was ten. During her trial, the Mafi frequently used the term “rape” to refer to what her brothers did to her, but her brothers denied penetration. They were sentenced to 74 lashes under the charge of “acts against chastity,” but, since the victim did confess to penetration -- when she confessed to being raped and could not prove coercion -- she was sentenced to death.”
“In these cases,” Alikarami says, “the court places great importance on the prior relationship between the accused and the victim.” Victims, she says, are questioned minutely about how many times they visited the accused’s home and why, how and why the relationship began, how many conversations the victim had with the accused, why the victim, if taken by force, didn’t scream for help or run away.
“In some cases,” Alikarami says, “the mere fact that the accused and the victim were friends prior to the rape, or that the victim was not witnessed shouting for help during the rape, are constructed as the victim's consent to sex. The accused is then acquitted of the charge of rape, and the victim and the accused are both charged with illicit sexual relations.” Alikarami says research shows that the majority of rape charges result in acquittal. In such situations, the case is often later referred to a Court of Common Pleas for a trial based on charges of “acts against chastity.”
Iranian lawyer Musa Barzin Khalifeloo, who is based in Turkey, says the law is deficient. “To prove ‘zena,’ The Penal Code requires the testimony of four ‘just men,’ or in some cases the testimony of three men and two women, or two men and four women, or four repeated confessions from the accused. This, he says, makes convictions for rape almost impossible, as in the case of the 9-year-old girl in Zanjan Province.
“It is unlikely that the teacher would confess against himself,” Khalifeloo says, “and the forensic report is not valid on its own. Hence, it is very likely that the teacher would be charged for an “illicit sexual relationship” since the girl is under 18, and the court has to act based on the Law on Protection of Children and the Youth as well as the Islamic Penal Code.”
The Law on the Protection of Children and the Youth was enacted on December 16, 2002, following a campaign by human rights lawyer and later Nobel Peace Laureate Shirin Ebadi and the Center for Supporting the Rights of the Child, which she headed. It places all children under the age of 18 under its protection. According to Article 5 of the law, all crimes committed against children under 18 are considered “public” crimes and the prosecutor is obliged to make a complaint about such a crime. Prior to the enactment of this law, many crimes against children under 18 were never prosecuted. In these cases, the expected plaintiff – who would usually be the child’s father – would often not report a crime if the accused was a family member. Now, even if the father does not make a complaint, the prosecutor is obliged to press charges on the child’s behalf.
Many legal experts also criticize Iran for not taking the victim’s age adequately into account. London-based lawyer Mehri Jafari is one of them. Comparing the laws of England and Wales with Iranian law, she says, “Here, any kind of sexual relationship between an adult and a child under the age of 18 is forbidden since it is axiomatic that a child under the age of 16 cannot give a genuine consent. Sexual relations between an adult and a person who is between 16 and 18 years of age is accepted under the law, but if there is any doubt, it must be proved that the younger person has given their consent.” In England and Wales, she says, a person who holds a position of trust, such as a teacher or a social worker, is under no circumstances allowed to have sexual relations with anyone below the age of 18. But in Iran, there are no such requirements for a person who holds a position of trust.
Hossein Raisi, an Iranian lawyer and human rights activist based in Canada, also criticizes Iran’s Penal Code. He says the code only criminalizes explicit coercion and does not take a victim’s reluctance into consideration. “The Islamic Penal Code only penalizes rape by physical force and does not take into consideration instances where the abuser has dominance over his victim. In those circumstances, the victim can be implicitly forced into abiding by the abuser’s demands.” In Iran, he says, many of his clients had sex with an abuser who threatened to publish their private pictures online or show them to their fathers. In other cases, the abuser had promised to marry them. “The Penal Code does not take deception into account unless the victim is under the age of criminal responsibility, he says.
In Iran, the age of criminal responsibility for girls is 9.
https://www.memri.org/tv/saudi-historian-al-saadoon-women-share-responsibility-if-raped-foreign-taxi-drivers
https://www.memri.org/tv/saudi-historian-al-saadoon-women-share-responsibility-if-raped-foreign-taxi-drivers/transcript
21 Feb 2015: Saudi Historian Al-Saadoon: Women Share Responsibility If Raped by Foreign Taxi Drivers
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-33023247
29 June 2015:
An Afghan court has passed a landmark judgement, using DNA evidence to convict a man for the multiple rape of his daughter.
http://mountaintv.net/women-protest-against-girl-raped-in-skardu/
http://nation.com.pk/national/26-Aug-2015/2-get-death-sentence-for-gang-raping-a-woman-in-gb
http://epaper.dawn.com/DetailImage.php?StoryImage=26_08_2015_007_001
26 August 2015:
GILGIT: An anti-terrorism court on Tuesday convicted two people of a student’s gang-rape and handed down capital punishment to them.
Judge Raja Shahbaz Khan also sentenced them to 34 years imprisonment and Rs2 million fine.
The court found Shakeel Ahmad and Ahmad Husain guilty of kidnapping and raping a first-year girl student in Skardu earlier this year.
Both convicts and their victim belong to the same village of Skardu, Olding.
The girl had complained to the police that the two boys had kidnapped her in the village when she was on the way to a tuition centre, took her to the nearby town of Sadpara and raped her.
She had also claimed the rapists tortured her and took her pictures on cellphone to blackmail.
While announcing the verdict in the case, the court observed that the convicts could file an appeal against it in the next 15 days.
A similar case was also reported in Gilgit city three weeks ago.
The police said three people had allegedly kidnapped a girl of Jutial Gilgit and raped her at a deserted place in Gilgit city.
They said the girl claimed the alleged rapists had taken her pictures on cellphone and blackmailed her. The police said the suspects were in their custody and that investigation into the incident was underway.
http://mountaintv.net/women-protest-against-girl-raped-in-skardu/
http://nation.com.pk/national/26-Aug-2015/2-get-death-sentence-for-gang-raping-a-woman-in-gb
http://epaper.dawn.com/DetailImage.php?StoryImage=26_08_2015_007_001
26 August 2015:
GILGIT: An anti-terrorism court on Tuesday convicted two people of a student’s gang-rape and handed down capital punishment to them.
Judge Raja Shahbaz Khan also sentenced them to 34 years imprisonment and Rs2 million fine.
The court found Shakeel Ahmad and Ahmad Husain guilty of kidnapping and raping a first-year girl student in Skardu earlier this year.
Both convicts and their victim belong to the same village of Skardu, Olding.
The girl had complained to the police that the two boys had kidnapped her in the village when she was on the way to a tuition centre, took her to the nearby town of Sadpara and raped her.
She had also claimed the rapists tortured her and took her pictures on cellphone to blackmail.
While announcing the verdict in the case, the court observed that the convicts could file an appeal against it in the next 15 days.
A similar case was also reported in Gilgit city three weeks ago.
The police said three people had allegedly kidnapped a girl of Jutial Gilgit and raped her at a deserted place in Gilgit city.
They said the girl claimed the alleged rapists had taken her pictures on cellphone and blackmailed her. The police said the suspects were in their custody and that investigation into the incident was underway.
4 Feb 2016:
At least two suspects have been arrested in connection to the rape case of a 5-year-old child in central Bamyan province of Afghanistan.
According to the local security officials, the incident involving rape of the 5-year-old child took place late on Saturday night.
Provincial police chief Abdul Mubeen Izadyar said the rape case unveiled after the child was admitted to the provincial hospital for the treatment.
He said an investigation is underway in connection the incident and two suspects are in custody of the police.
Incidents involving rape of the children are rarely reported from the central Bamyan province of Afghanistan despite sexual abuse and rape of children have been rampant in Afghanistan, specifically in northern parts of the country.
The latest incident involving rape of a child was reported from northern Jawzjan province of Afghanistan earlier in September last year.
https://iranwire.com/fa/features/3385
16 Feb 2016:
«یکی از موکلانم، دختر
۱۷
ساله ای بود که در سن
۱۵
ساگی
در راه مدرسه توسط چندین پسر نوجوان ربوده و به خانه ای در خارج از شهر انتقال داده شده بود. او را چند روز مورد تجاوز گروهی قرار داده بودند.
دختر پس از چند روز بالاخره موفق به فرار می شود. پس از مدتی هم گروگان گیرها توسط بسیج محل دستگیر شده و در پایگاه بسیج به تجاوز گروهی اعتراف می کنند. اما در دادگاه با این ادعا که در بسیج از آن ها به زور اعتراف گرفته شده بود، اتهام تجاوز گروهی را انکار کرده و می گویند دختر با میل خود با آن ها رابطه جنسی برقرار کرده بود.
در نهایت، متهمان توانستند در دادگاه اتهام خود را از اتهام تجاوز گروهی به زنای غیرمحصنه تغییر دهند. عجیب تر آن که قربانی تجاوز دسته جمعی در یک مرحله حتی به تحمل ضربات شلاق به اتهام زنا غیرمحصنه محکوم شد. اما در نهایت قاضی، دختر را از اتهام زنا تبرئه کرد و پسران تنها به پرداخت "ارش البکاره" (دیه برای از بین بردن بکارت قربانی) محکوم شدند.»
"One of my clients, 18year old girl, when she was 15, On the way to school she was kidnapped by several teenage boys and taken to a house outside the city. She had been raped for several days.
The girl finally manages to escape after a few days. After some time, the hostages are arrested by the local Basij and confess to a gang rape at the Basij base. But in the court, they claimed they had been forcibly confessed by Basij, denied accusations of rape and said the girl had sex with them on her own desire.
Eventually, the defendants were able in the court from to change the charges of being involved in the gang rape of a modest girls. Strangely enough, the victim of rape at one stage was even convicted of lashes on charge of fornication. But the judge eventually acquitted the girl of charges of fornication, and the boys were only sentenced to pay "Arash al-Baker" (Diyat for removing the victim's virginity)."
وی در این مورد، به یکی از پرونده هایش اشاره می کند: «یکی از بازنشستگان سپاه در یکی از کلان شهرهای ایران موسسه خیریه ای تاسیس می کند. بعد از مدتی از طرف کمیته امداد، خانمی که برای درمان به پول نیاز داشته است (موکلم) به این فرد مراجعه می کند. این فرد به این خانم می گوید که اگر وی نیازهای جنسی وی را ارضا کند، پول درمانش را پرداخت خواهد کرد. او حتی چکی هم برای وی صادر و آن طور که ادعا می کند، صیغه عقد موقت را هم جاری می سازد. بعد از اندکی مشخص می شود آن زن متاهل بوده است. زن به زنای محصنه محکوم می شود و مرد با این ادعا که از متاهل بودن زن خبر نداشته و وی را صیغه کرده بود، از مجازات تبرئه می شود. در این حالت، هر چند تجاوز به صورت آشکار آن رخ نداده اما زن تحت شرایط، به نوعی مجبور به انجام عمل جنسی شده و در حقیقت تجاوز پنهان رخ داده است. اما متاسفانه این گونه تجاوزها در قوانین ما جرم انگاری نشده اند در حالی که در کشورهای دارای سیستم های قضایی مدرن، این گونه موارد نیز جرم انگاری شده اند.»
In this case, he cites one of his cases: "One of the retirees of the Revolutionary Guards establishes a charity in one of the big cities of Iran. After a while from the Relief Committee, a woman who needed money for treatment (a client) comes to her. This person tells the woman that if she meets her sexual needs, she will pay for her treatment. He even issues a check for him and, as he claims, makes a temporary marriage contract. After a while it becomes clear that the woman was married. The woman is sentenced to adultery, and the man is acquitted of the punishment by claiming she was unaware that she was married and had raped her. In this case, although the rape did not occur explicitly, the woman under some circumstances was forced to have sex and in fact the rape occurred. "Unfortunately, such violations have not been criminalized in our laws, while in countries with modern judicial systems, such cases have also been criminalized."
http://www.jafariapress.com/?p=6891
http://ur.rasanews.ir/detail/News/9255/2
12 Apr 2016:
حجت الاسلام عارف واحدی ... نے کہا : قومی اسمبلی میں اس ہفتے دو بل لائے جا رہے ہیں غیرت کے نام پر قتل کے بارے میں جو بل لایا جارہا ہے یہ بل کہ غیرت کے نام پر قتل ختم کرنے کے لئے یا اصل میں پاکستان سے غیرت کا جنازہ نکالنے کے لئے ہے ؟ ۔
حجت الاسلام عارف واحدی نے وضاحت کرتے ہوئے کہا : زنا بالجبر کے بل کا کیا معنی ہے پاکستان ایک اسلامی ریاست ہے زنا ایک جرم ہے زنا بالجبر پر قانون آئیگا زنا پر نہیں آئے گا یہ مغربی سوچ ہے پاکستان میں ایسا بل لانا پاکستان سے مزاق ہے اسلامی قوانین سے مزاق ہے ۔
http://ur.rasanews.ir/detail/News/9255/2
12 Apr 2016:
حجت الاسلام عارف واحدی ... نے کہا : قومی اسمبلی میں اس ہفتے دو بل لائے جا رہے ہیں غیرت کے نام پر قتل کے بارے میں جو بل لایا جارہا ہے یہ بل کہ غیرت کے نام پر قتل ختم کرنے کے لئے یا اصل میں پاکستان سے غیرت کا جنازہ نکالنے کے لئے ہے ؟ ۔
حجت الاسلام عارف واحدی نے وضاحت کرتے ہوئے کہا : زنا بالجبر کے بل کا کیا معنی ہے پاکستان ایک اسلامی ریاست ہے زنا ایک جرم ہے زنا بالجبر پر قانون آئیگا زنا پر نہیں آئے گا یہ مغربی سوچ ہے پاکستان میں ایسا بل لانا پاکستان سے مزاق ہے اسلامی قوانین سے مزاق ہے ۔
https://www.iranhumanrights.org/2016/05/sexual-abuse-a-nine-years-old-girl/
9 May 2016:
The family of a nine-year-old girl from a village in northwestern Iran has vowed to pursue legal action against the well-connected male teacher who sexually molested her.
Despite evidence confirmed by the Medical Examiner that the child had been sexually molested by her 30-year-old teacher, the court refused to issue a verdict of rape, opting instead for the lesser charge of “illegitimate relations.”
....
Poor Family vs. Influential Teacher
Neda’s father is a seasonal worker with six children who is unable to financially support the family’s basic needs, her relative told the Campaign. She hated school and had to be chased with a stick to leave home every morning to get to class on time.
“The court did not listen to us. We live in a poor area. We are not in a good financial situation. But the teacher is rich,” the relative told the Campaign.
“One of his brothers is the head of the Ansar Khodabandeh Bank and another brother is a member of the Revolutionary Guards. They even sent a mediator and said they would pay us 60 million tomans ($20,000 USD) and give us a car [to drop the charges],” said the relative.
http://www.rferl.org/a/27773093.html
3 June 2016: A prominent Iranian human rights lawyer and women's rights activist has created a controversy by posting a picture on social media that shows her sitting on a chair with Islamic motifs while holding a glass of wine.
The chair in the photo of Shadi Sadr is covered with a material used
in Iran for events marking the Ashura, the martyrdom of Imam Hossein,
the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. It is a work by Iranian artist
Parastou Forouhar, whose parents were among intellectuals and political
activists killed in the late 1990s by Intelligence Ministry agents.
...Fars called Sadr's picture "an excuse to insult religious sanctity," while accusing her of questioning Islamic principles for years.
The news agency posted a statement by "a group of professors and law experts" calling for Sadr's extradition, trial, and punishment over what it said was her "antireligious" move.
The statement said that according to Islamic penal law, those convicted of insulting sanctity and holy figures can be either sentenced to death or to one to five years in prison.
...Sadr's picture on Instagram generated over 34,000 comments, including many threats and warnings.
"You insulted the beliefs of a large number of people. It is really deplorable," read a comment posted under Sadr's post.
Another said that he hoped Sadr's would be "punished" soon.
"You keep talking about human rights and the need other people's beliefs. How come you disrespect other people's beliefs while making such claims," another user commented.
Some praised Sadr for the post.
"What a wonderful picture, full of positive energy," one woman wrote, adding that those who were angered by it should learn "to relax."
Sadr said she'd been threatened with death and rape over her picture. "Most of the threats I received [over the post] were threats of rape, [many] left obscene comments while defending holy figures," she said.
Some described in detail how they would rape Sadr if they would lay their hands on her.
Sadr's post was removed from Instagram on May 31. She said she hadn't received any notification from Instagram about the reason for the move.
Instagram has not yet responded to an RFE/RL inquiry about the removal of Sadr's post. The picture is still available on Sadr's Facebook page.
UPDATE: Sadr's photo is now available on Instagram after being temporarily removed. “We removed this image by mistake and we apologize for the inconvenience caused. We worked to rectify this as soon as we were notified and have already taken steps to prevent this from happening in the future,” an Instagram spokesperson told RFE/RL in an e-mail.
...Fars called Sadr's picture "an excuse to insult religious sanctity," while accusing her of questioning Islamic principles for years.
The news agency posted a statement by "a group of professors and law experts" calling for Sadr's extradition, trial, and punishment over what it said was her "antireligious" move.
The statement said that according to Islamic penal law, those convicted of insulting sanctity and holy figures can be either sentenced to death or to one to five years in prison.
...Sadr's picture on Instagram generated over 34,000 comments, including many threats and warnings.
"You insulted the beliefs of a large number of people. It is really deplorable," read a comment posted under Sadr's post.
Another said that he hoped Sadr's would be "punished" soon.
"You keep talking about human rights and the need other people's beliefs. How come you disrespect other people's beliefs while making such claims," another user commented.
Some praised Sadr for the post.
"What a wonderful picture, full of positive energy," one woman wrote, adding that those who were angered by it should learn "to relax."
Sadr said she'd been threatened with death and rape over her picture. "Most of the threats I received [over the post] were threats of rape, [many] left obscene comments while defending holy figures," she said.
Some described in detail how they would rape Sadr if they would lay their hands on her.
Sadr's post was removed from Instagram on May 31. She said she hadn't received any notification from Instagram about the reason for the move.
Instagram has not yet responded to an RFE/RL inquiry about the removal of Sadr's post. The picture is still available on Sadr's Facebook page.
UPDATE: Sadr's photo is now available on Instagram after being temporarily removed. “We removed this image by mistake and we apologize for the inconvenience caused. We worked to rectify this as soon as we were notified and have already taken steps to prevent this from happening in the future,” an Instagram spokesperson told RFE/RL in an e-mail.
http://english.astroawani.com/world-news/vaseline-man-hanged-over-rape-dozens-women-shiraz-iran-107368
7 June 2016: Iran
hanged a 21-year-old man on Sunday after convicting him of the rape of
dozens of women in the historic southern city of Shiraz, the judiciary
said.....
“The
man was arrested in August 2015 with CCTV footage provided by one of
the victims, DNA and blood type match and other evidence left on the
scene,” Shiraz prosecutor Ali Salehi told the Mizan Online website.
http://en.rasanews.ir/detail/News/422569/1
http://www.salamatnews.com/news/200533/%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-16-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85
http://www.ghatreh.com/news/nn35008197/%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85
asriran.com/0028mD
http://www.irannaz.com/%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC.html
http://www.irankhabar.ir/fa/doc/news/75971/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC
http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/vergewaltigung-in-iran-hochzeit-statt-hinrichtung-a-1125338.html
10 Dec 2016: To escape his execution, an Iranian convicted of rape is to marry his victim.According to the daily "Iran" of Saturday, the 22-year-old student Wahid was sentenced to death last year because of the rape of the 16-year-old neighbor.
http://en.rasanews.ir/detail/News/422569/1
16 July 2016:The
renowned scholar said that sexual abuse is one of the worst tragedies
in Europe and North America and added that many women and girls are
sexually abused because of existence of nudity and improper dress in
these societies.
Ayatollah
Makarem-Shirazi said that hijab is the secret of the health of family
and prevents many evils in society and thus, Islam places must
importance on hijab.
http://www.24taunsa.com/urdu/story/3623/
http://taiztreen.com/urdu/story/204
10 Sep 2016:
تونسہ شریف(نامہ نگار)ناڑی شمالی میں 13 سالہ لڑکی کو اغوا کر کے ان کے ساتھ امام بارگاہ میں اجتماعی زیادتی پولیس نے مقدمہ درج کر لیا تفصیلات کے مطابق لڑکی کے والد فخر عباس نے بتایا کہ ملزمان حماد اور شاہد نے میری 13 سالہ بیٹی کو زبردستی اٹھایا اور مقامی عبادت گاہ میں لے جا کر ان کے ساتھ زیادتی کی اور فرار ہو گئے تھانہ ریتڑہ کی پولیس نے زیادتی کرنے کے ساتھ ساتھ زبردستی اغوا کا دفعہ نہیں لگایا جس سے میری حق رسی نہیں ہوئی انہوں نے کہا ملزم با اثر ہیں اور انہوں نے میرے ساتھ زیادتی کی ہے
http://www.24taunsa.com/urdu/story/3623/
http://taiztreen.com/urdu/story/204
10 Sep 2016:
تونسہ شریف(نامہ نگار)ناڑی شمالی میں 13 سالہ لڑکی کو اغوا کر کے ان کے ساتھ امام بارگاہ میں اجتماعی زیادتی پولیس نے مقدمہ درج کر لیا تفصیلات کے مطابق لڑکی کے والد فخر عباس نے بتایا کہ ملزمان حماد اور شاہد نے میری 13 سالہ بیٹی کو زبردستی اٹھایا اور مقامی عبادت گاہ میں لے جا کر ان کے ساتھ زیادتی کی اور فرار ہو گئے تھانہ ریتڑہ کی پولیس نے زیادتی کرنے کے ساتھ ساتھ زبردستی اغوا کا دفعہ نہیں لگایا جس سے میری حق رسی نہیں ہوئی انہوں نے کہا ملزم با اثر ہیں اور انہوں نے میرے ساتھ زیادتی کی ہے
http://www.salamatnews.com/news/200533/%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-16-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85
http://www.ghatreh.com/news/nn35008197/%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85
asriran.com/0028mD
http://www.irannaz.com/%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC.html
http://www.irankhabar.ir/fa/doc/news/75971/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC
http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/vergewaltigung-in-iran-hochzeit-statt-hinrichtung-a-1125338.html
10 Dec 2016: To escape his execution, an Iranian convicted of rape is to marry his victim.According to the daily "Iran" of Saturday, the 22-year-old student Wahid was sentenced to death last year because of the rape of the 16-year-old neighbor.
In the Court of Appeal, too, he reckoned only with the confirmation of the death sentence. Then the mother of the rape came with an unexpected suggestion.
If
Wahid were to marry her daughter, she would buy her a flat worth half a
billion Toman (125,000 euros) and would always be dear to her, she
would take back her message and prevent his execution, said the mother.Wahid then burst into tears and, like the judge, accepted the suggestion immediately.
To the judge, he had to be assured under oath that he had not only accepted the proposal to escape the execution. Wahid promised in court to love the girl and always to be a good husband. He
has to remain in prison for two years because of the deed, but may
apply for the wedding imprisonment, according to the report. The heading of the article in the daily newspaper is "wedding instead of execution".
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/958548133209935873
http://www.rasanews.ir/detail/News/505787/52
15 Jun 2017:
وی ادامه داد: یکی از راهحلهایی که غرب برای تجاوز جنسی از آن استفاده کرده و نتیجه مثبتی هم گرفته است، آگاهی دادن مسایل جنسی در دوران کودکی به فرزندان است که میتواند آسیبهای ناشی از تجاوز جنسی را در بزرگسالی کاهش دهد، اما باید توجه داشت که آگاهی یک انسان در سنین کودکی مستلزم انجام روابط نامشروع است که چنین مسایلی برای مسلمانان قابل قبول نیست. رابطه آزاد جنسی برای مسلمانان مسأله بوده و حرمت دارد اما برای مردم غرب مهم نیست.
Iranian cleric Reza Zebainejad: West introduced sex education to prevent child rape but sexual awareness at an early age results in non-martial relationships that is not acceptable to Muslims.
https://www.dawn.com/news/1348938
1 August 2017:
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/958548133209935873
http://www.rasanews.ir/detail/News/505787/52
15 Jun 2017:
وی ادامه داد: یکی از راهحلهایی که غرب برای تجاوز جنسی از آن استفاده کرده و نتیجه مثبتی هم گرفته است، آگاهی دادن مسایل جنسی در دوران کودکی به فرزندان است که میتواند آسیبهای ناشی از تجاوز جنسی را در بزرگسالی کاهش دهد، اما باید توجه داشت که آگاهی یک انسان در سنین کودکی مستلزم انجام روابط نامشروع است که چنین مسایلی برای مسلمانان قابل قبول نیست. رابطه آزاد جنسی برای مسلمانان مسأله بوده و حرمت دارد اما برای مردم غرب مهم نیست.
Iranian cleric Reza Zebainejad: West introduced sex education to prevent child rape but sexual awareness at an early age results in non-martial relationships that is not acceptable to Muslims.
https://www.dawn.com/news/1348938
1 August 2017:
GILGIT: An anti-terrorism court in Gilgit-Baltistan on Monday sentenced to 33 years in jail a man for raping an eight-year-old girl.
The convict was also fined Rs250,000.After concluding the case proceedings, the judgment was passed by ATC judge Raja Shahbaz Khan.
As per the case, Ghulam Mohammad, resident of Mehdiabad area of Kharmang district [Shia-majority Baltistan], had registered an FIR with the local police station on January 8, this year, complaining that her eight-year-old granddaughter was locked by the convict, Hamid Hussain, in a room of a government primary school she was studying and was raped.
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-schools-vandalized-rape/28813756.html
25 Oct 2017:
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-schools-vandalized-rape/28813756.html
25 Oct 2017:
Iranian authorities find cases of sexual harassment and sexual assaults too embarrassing for their reputation and try to keep such cases confidential.
Therefore, there are no reliable statistics on such incidents in schools. Based on some estimations, at least 32% of girls in Iranian middle and high schools have experienced some type of sexual harassment or assault.
Iran was shaken by reports a few months ago that a top Quran reciter had allegedly sexually abused his minor students.
Saeed Tousi, a prominent Iranian Quran reciter and teacher who had recited Quran at state events attended by senior officials, including the Supreme leader Khamenei, was accused by some of his former students of sexual molestation and rape.
Despite convincing documents published by the accusers in the social media, including his taped confession, the suspect has not been prosecuted yet.
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-sufi-dervishes-hunger-strike/29136717.html
30 Mar 2018:
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-sufi-dervishes-hunger-strike/29136717.html
30 Mar 2018:
Eight members of Iran's Gonabadi Sufi minority are on hunger strike,
Amnesty International said Friday, protesting alleged torture in prison
after protests in which security forces members were killed.
"One of the men, Abbas Dehghan, has allegedly been threatened with his
wife being raped in front of him if he does not 'confess'," the rights
group said in a statement.
=============
Rape in Iranshar (Sistan-Balochistan)
https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-rape-cases-baluchistan-stir-controversy/29301947.html
18 Jun 2018: Iran’s Prosecutor-General Mohammad Jafar Montazeri has threatened June 18 to prosecute a local Sunni Imam in the city of Iranshahr in the southeastern province of Sistan va Baluchestan for disclosing that 41 girls have been raped in that city.
Mawlavi Tayeb Mollazehi’s disclosure of the rape cases on Friday, June 15, stirred controversy in the Sunni-populated province and has put the Islamic Republic’s judicial officials on the defensive.
Officials have an aversion to acknowledging rape cases because they are concerned these might undermine the claims to high standards of morality by the religious state.
This is probably why Prosecutor-General Montazeri rejected the local Imam’s assertion about the rapes as “baseless” and threatened to prosecute him if he fails to prove what he said, adding that “news about crimes with a family honor angle should remain secret,” several Iranian agencies quoted Montazeri as saying.
...
The case is to be reviewed at the Iranian Parliament on Tuesday. In the meantime, MP Tayebbeh Siavashi has implied a link between the perpetrator and local big-wigs without naming anyone.
Siavashi said “One of the suspects is a rich and powerful man.”
https://iranwire.com/en/features/5384
https://twitter.com/united4iran/status/1011632532062900225
26 Jun 2018: The judiciary has arrested the brother of #Baloch human rights activist Abdollah Bozorgzadeh who published news about a rape case in #Iranshahr. Detaining family members of suspects are common practice in Sistan&Baluchestan Province.
https://iranwire.com/en/features/5381
Have the men confessed to their crimes?
Yes. [Some of them] have confessed to robbery, armed kidnapping and 41 cases of rape. After his arrest, the first suspect named his accomplices, who are locally well known. Some of them have been arrested or questioned: Mohsen Ghazi, owner of a pharmacy, Mahmoud Y, who is a member of the Basij and his brother is [in the] Revolutionary Guards, Omid B, whose father is a retired army officer and Asghar, who works with a Basiji base in the area.
These individuals have close connections with the police and the police investigations bureau. Mohsen Ghazi’s uncle is influential and is a close relative of the Friday Prayers Leader of Kahnuj [a city in the neighboring province of Kerman]. He also has close connections to the Revolutionary Guards in Kahnuj. It seems that because of their money and their connections with government officials, they enjoy a very strong backing.
They [police] have arrested a group of young people who rightly protested against what happened. It is not even known where they are detained. One of these kids was beaten so badly that his father told me he could not recognize his son for a few minutes. Why? What crime have they committed?
https://www.islamtimes.org/ur/news/758020
28 Oct 2018:
علماء کے مطابق ملک میں زیادتی کے واقعات کی بڑی وجہ فحش فلمیں، ڈرامے اور دیگر میڈیا ہے۔ ممتاز عالم دین علامہ محمد رضا عابدی کہتے ہیں کہ حکومت اگر فحش فلموں پر پابندی عائد کر دے تو بھی معاشرے میں ایسے واقعات کم ہو سکتے ہیں۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ دنیا کے بہت سے ممالک میں فحش فلموں پر پابندی ہے، انٹرنیٹ کے ذریعے بھی ایسا مواد اوپن نہیں کیا جا سکتا مگر پاکستان میں انٹرنیٹ پر ہر قسم کی ٹریفک جاری و ساری ہے، کوئی چیک اینڈ بیلنس نہیں۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ علماء کی ذمہ داری ہے کہ وہ نوجوانوں کی اخلاقی تربیت کریں، مساجد میں ایسا ماحول بنایا جائے جس میں نوجوان دین کی جانب راغب ہوں بدقسمتی سے ماضی میں مساجد میں ایسا ماحول پیدا کیا گیا اور تکفیریت کو فروغ دیا گیا، مذہبی منافرت کو ہوا دی گئی جس سے نوجوان متنفر ہو گئے۔
============
Rape as punishment
https://twitter.com/cybertosser/status/798209021073309696
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=O5rs8UkMj64C&pg=PA2306&lpg=PA2306#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://tribune.com.pk/story/605325/tharparkar-ssps-probe-police-confirm-thar-gang-rape-was-an-act-of-vengeance/
http://tribune.com.pk/story/603282/of-three-thari-women-revenge-and-a-cell-phone/
12 Sep 2013:
Enraged inwardly, Khano thought the best way of taking revenge was to
dishonour a woman from the intruder’s family, who is the second woman
who was shamed and sucked into this game of revenge being played by men.
“He raped a close female relative of Kaloo and recorded an
objectionable video of the girl on his cell phone with the help of his
accomplices. Somehow that video found its way into the village. Her
family then started thinking of revenge upon revenge,” says Akbar.
They got that opportunity on September 4 when they allegedly gang raped a helpless woman for
the felony M’s husband’s brother, Khano, had committed.
the felony M’s husband’s brother, Khano, had committed.
=============
Pre-execution rape of virgin girls in Iran
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-p50Hchnh70
"In this groundbreaking production victims and witnesses recall experiences involving rape of virgin girls prior to execution and sexual torture at the hands of Islamic Republic prison authorities since 1979. "
http://www.aljadid.com/content/caskets-and-rape-prison-irans-islamic-republic-review-chahla-chafiqs-new-islamist-man-politi#sthash.k3rjvcAB.dpuf
"A woman's rape is frequently the last act that precedes her execution. This is explained by the rule in Iranian political prisons that the sentence of execution cannot be carried out if the woman is a virgin. Since there is a theological belief that if a woman dies a virgin she will go to heaven, the politically active virgin is forced to "marry" before her execution and thus to insure she will go to hell. She is forced to "marry" the hangman who will carry out her execution.. This marriage is conducted as a legitimate and official contract which includes, among other things, an estimated dowry. This "dowry" is subsequently paid to the family of the victim; it simultaneously becomes the equivalent of an official notification that she was executed."
http://justice4iran.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/CWP-2th-EN.pdf
http://www.wluml.org/news/iran-stop-further-denials-rape-virgin-girls-prior-execution
"In another section of the response which is widely disseminated through official and semi-official media in Iran, reference has been made to the memoirs of Ayotollah Montazeri, the former successor to Ayotollah Khomeini: “when the subject of executions was discussed, I objected that in prisons women were also being executed. Executing women in Islam is discouraged and virgins cannot be executed. The Imam confirmed by saying ‘tell the official to not execute girl.’ Then some claimed Montazeri has said ‘do not execute girls but perform temporary marriage first and then execute them.’”
JFI is the first human rights
organisation to publicise this section of the memoirs of Ayotollah
Montazeri. In its research ‘Crime without Punishment’ on torture–sexual
and otherwise–of female political prisoners, it found numerous documents
and uncontested witnesses with regards to statements by prison
officials on the matter of rape prior to execution. Also included in
this research were references to Islamic sacred scripture used by prison
officials for Islamic judicial justification of this practice.
The results were published in a book entitled “Crimes with Impunity” and highlighted in a recent documentary film “Final Moments“.
Both demonstrate the rape of virgin girls who were executed for their
political activities during the 1980s through the means of temporary
marriage in at least a few cities during specific periods were part of
an organised process and carried out with the knowledge of senior
officials."https://iranwire.com/en/features/172
http://en.iranwire.com/features/3648/
5 Oct 2014: Justice For Iran has published a report on the organised rape of virgin girls awaiting execution in Iranian prisons, focusing specifically on the 1980s. According to the report, “In a six-month period between June 20, 1981 and 21 December of the same year, at least 2,241 people were executed, of which 223 were women.” It goes on to say: “ Of these women, 34 or about 15% were under 18 years old, while 120, close to 54%, were between 18 and 29.”
...
Reynaldo Galindo Pohl, the United Nation’s special envoy for investigating human rights in Iran, reported that prison officials presented marriage documents to the families of young female members of People’s Mojahedin Organisation. This suggests that these women were, in most cases, raped before execution.
....
The United Nations has now, for the first time, recognised that virgin women and girls were raped in Iranian prisons before being executed during the 1980s. Shadi Sadr believes that families of the victims must also use other UN mechanisms, such as special reports, to confront the Islamic Republic, which must be held accountable in a public and official arena.
https://en.iranwire.com/features/3648/
The evidence presented and documented by the Justice in Iran report includes the following testimonies:
“Some prisoners who were provided a ballpoint pen to write their will used it to write on their own clothing or body that they had been raped.” (Elaheh Deknama, prisoner in Shiraz, and Sima Mottalebi, prisoner in Mashhad)
“Some families saw the signs of rape on the bodies of their executed daughters.” (Mahnaz Yousefzadeh)
“In some other cases, a member of the Revolutionary Guards came to the family’s door and offered them a symbolic dowry: A box of candies” (Shaheen Sami in the port of Anzali, Mitra and Mandana Mojaverian in Mashhad) “or a few ceremonial coins” (Fariba Ahmadi, prisoner in Isfahan).
....
When Mehdi Karroubi, speaker of the parliament, asked President Rafsanjani to investigate accusations of prison rapes, Majid Ansari, then (and now again) vice president for parliamentary affairs, told the Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) that “unfortunately they are true and…one should wish for death that the Islamic Republic has reached a point where such scandals are possible…It happened not once, but many times.”
We asked Shadi Sadr if Justice For Iran can estimate how many women were raped before execution. She said this was impossible: “No human rights group can give you statistics or even an estimate without getting access to the archives of Revolutionary Courts and conducting interviews with the officials responsible for running the courts at the time. Moreover, none of the victims of such tortures are alive to give testimony.”
The number of girls or women who were raped in prison is also not known. Though many victims of sexual torture, including rape, survived the ordeal, putting a number on it is a formidable challenge for a variety of reasons. The most important of them is the high number people in prison during the 1980s.
Despite this, Justice for Iran’s investigations prove that this practice was used regularly and systematically, at least for a period of time and especially in prisons in Mashhad, Shiraz and Rasht.
According to Sadr, the proof lies in testimonies from numerous female political prisoners and the families of victims who received a sort of “dowry” from Revolutionary Guards. The memoirs of Ayatollah Montazeri also provide evidence, as do religious texts used at the time to support the practice.
===========
Rape as tactic of repression in Syria
http://www.lse.ac.uk/WomenPeaceSecurity/pdf/2017/wps3Forestier.pdf
https://www.newsdeeply.com/syria/community/2017/03/14/sexual-violence-used-as-tactic-of-repression-in-syria-report
In a new report for the London School of Economics’ Centre for Women, Peace and Security, journalist Marie Forestier has documented the patterns of sexual violence against women by pro-government forces in Syria between 2011-2014.
Based on more than 70 interviews with 20 survivors of rape, former detainees in government prisons, doctors, lawyers and defectors from the government security apparatus, the findings point to a systematic use of rape by Syrian authorities to repress women perceived to be allied to the opposition, Forestier told Syria Deeply.
...In the vast majority of people I interviewed, pro-government forces targeted women who were perceived to be associated with the opposition. Being a relief worker or having a picture of the Syrian opposition’s flag on a phone was enough to be considered as such – or even being a relative of an activist or a member of an armed group. Women who were not involved in any kind of political activity but who lived in opposition neighborhoods were also considered pro-opposition.
... Rapes occurred during offensives on opposition strongholds, in between interrogations in prison and at checkpoints. From my research, sexual crimes appeared to have been more frequent in coastal areas and the central provinces of Homs and Hama.
